{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972389769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(97)00046-0","title":"Recognition of handwritten digits based on contour information","display_name":"Recognition of handwritten digits based on contour information","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972389769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(97)00046-0","mag":"1972389769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(97)00046-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(97)00046-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052254733","display_name":"Dahai Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dahai Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW-2006, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW-2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100644375","display_name":"Hong Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-3095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW-2006, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW-2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052254733"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0335,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93687505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"3","first_page":"235","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6969784498214722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.6900440454483032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-digit","display_name":"Numerical digit","score":0.6227158904075623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5648285746574402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5521230101585388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5433058142662048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digit-recognition","display_name":"Digit recognition","score":0.5248936414718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43629366159439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3476887345314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.2491643726825714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.16811048984527588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6969784498214722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.6900440454483032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94957134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82990","display_name":"Numerical digit","level":2,"score":0.6227158904075623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5648285746574402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5521230101585388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5433058142662048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984784707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Digit recognition","level":3,"score":0.5248936414718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43629366159439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3476887345314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.2491643726825714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.16811048984527588}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(97)00046-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(97)00046-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W186029262","https://openalex.org/W1587362683","https://openalex.org/W1587641199","https://openalex.org/W1963858098","https://openalex.org/W1964746710","https://openalex.org/W1966591781","https://openalex.org/W1977186532","https://openalex.org/W1977582554","https://openalex.org/W1993851046","https://openalex.org/W1998995881","https://openalex.org/W2000821228","https://openalex.org/W2008969034","https://openalex.org/W2010036645","https://openalex.org/W2012882539","https://openalex.org/W2017787659","https://openalex.org/W2019661190","https://openalex.org/W2020096152","https://openalex.org/W2023838375","https://openalex.org/W2037365151","https://openalex.org/W2037863673","https://openalex.org/W2046485094","https://openalex.org/W2062361515","https://openalex.org/W2062416966","https://openalex.org/W2070572468","https://openalex.org/W2072680109","https://openalex.org/W2075583964","https://openalex.org/W2084749096","https://openalex.org/W2086782523","https://openalex.org/W2086980716","https://openalex.org/W2093439427","https://openalex.org/W2096472144","https://openalex.org/W2102922221","https://openalex.org/W2111933145","https://openalex.org/W2111939548","https://openalex.org/W2122827492","https://openalex.org/W2127201702","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2138785714","https://openalex.org/W3003207254","https://openalex.org/W6662439899","https://openalex.org/W6665955013","https://openalex.org/W6668826799","https://openalex.org/W6680685078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911525106","https://openalex.org/W4322746633","https://openalex.org/W2736239746","https://openalex.org/W2309273277","https://openalex.org/W2061937230","https://openalex.org/W1769849273","https://openalex.org/W1574295218","https://openalex.org/W113247760","https://openalex.org/W2169083538","https://openalex.org/W2397763568"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}