{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019999160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00165-5","title":"Model-based stroke extraction and matching for handwritten Chinese character recognition","display_name":"Model-based stroke extraction and matching for handwritten Chinese character recognition","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019999160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00165-5","mag":"2019999160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00165-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00165-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100714202","display_name":"Cheng\u2010Lin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6743-4175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Lin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia Systems Research Department, Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan","Multimedia Systems Research Department, Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd., 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Systems Research Department, Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Systems Research Department, Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd., 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009028758","display_name":"Injung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-6097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"In-Jung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea","AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100444279","display_name":"Jin Hee Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin H. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea","AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Lab., Department of Computer Science, KAIST, 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100714202"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1304,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95733465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"12","first_page":"2339","last_page":"2352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7316383123397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7094767689704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.663819432258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.6450336575508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6417822241783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-word-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","score":0.5667441487312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.4961417615413666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.49483364820480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4481217861175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.41575801372528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.26585274934768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-character-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","score":0.22471171617507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16920310258865356}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7316383123397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7094767689704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.663819432258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6450336575508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6417822241783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17649283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044162","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","level":5,"score":0.5667441487312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.4961417615413666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.49483364820480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4481217861175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41575801372528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26585274934768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44868376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099089","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","level":4,"score":0.22471171617507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16920310258865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00165-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00165-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9419878","https://openalex.org/W1646038686","https://openalex.org/W1740637095","https://openalex.org/W1973418437","https://openalex.org/W1982659846","https://openalex.org/W1995638597","https://openalex.org/W1996505263","https://openalex.org/W2010541316","https://openalex.org/W2011339487","https://openalex.org/W2017131512","https://openalex.org/W2020187819","https://openalex.org/W2035143052","https://openalex.org/W2035397096","https://openalex.org/W2035537117","https://openalex.org/W2037520425","https://openalex.org/W2038658268","https://openalex.org/W2042872950","https://openalex.org/W2042980807","https://openalex.org/W2043487214","https://openalex.org/W2045527716","https://openalex.org/W2045848208","https://openalex.org/W2049970057","https://openalex.org/W2050182871","https://openalex.org/W2050935012","https://openalex.org/W2057454530","https://openalex.org/W2058536453","https://openalex.org/W2062156055","https://openalex.org/W2071765413","https://openalex.org/W2078739159","https://openalex.org/W2083916725","https://openalex.org/W2086954417","https://openalex.org/W2093865475","https://openalex.org/W2105038716","https://openalex.org/W2124926930","https://openalex.org/W2138984475","https://openalex.org/W2152475379","https://openalex.org/W2155044019","https://openalex.org/W2155195832","https://openalex.org/W2158441602","https://openalex.org/W2163517496","https://openalex.org/W2164980922","https://openalex.org/W2170959797","https://openalex.org/W2178247316","https://openalex.org/W2319958627","https://openalex.org/W2493600596","https://openalex.org/W2742771826","https://openalex.org/W4237275239","https://openalex.org/W6604913431","https://openalex.org/W6609930152","https://openalex.org/W6742961383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2892704491","https://openalex.org/W2106936331","https://openalex.org/W1985626581","https://openalex.org/W2110452885","https://openalex.org/W2576806841","https://openalex.org/W2096434575","https://openalex.org/W1573272260","https://openalex.org/W2218402054","https://openalex.org/W2574457628","https://openalex.org/W2424456397"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
