{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975961587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00134-5","title":"An efficient algorithm for human face detection and facial feature extraction under different conditions","display_name":"An efficient algorithm for human face detection and facial feature extraction under different conditions","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975961587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00134-5","mag":"1975961587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00134-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00134-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kwok-Wai Wong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwok-Wai Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019678322","display_name":"Kin\u2010Man Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-8454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kin-Man Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083042979","display_name":"Wan-Chi Siu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-0367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan-Chi Siu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019678322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4668,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":150,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98007221,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"10","first_page":"1993","last_page":"2004"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenface","display_name":"Eigenface","score":0.9114413261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.7200207710266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.695736289024353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6599834561347961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5924001932144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.5864861011505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5786381363868713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5639950633049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.549892008304596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.5437899231910706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4989011287689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45547059178352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4252944886684418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4232366383075714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20219337940216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.12540209293365479}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104906051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29695","display_name":"Eigenface","level":4,"score":0.9114413261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7200207710266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.695736289024353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6599834561347961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5924001932144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.5864861011505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5786381363868713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5639950633049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.549892008304596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.5437899231910706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4989011287689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45547059178352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4252944886684418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4232366383075714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20219337940216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.12540209293365479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00134-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00134-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/25112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/25112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502115503","https://openalex.org/W1577996138","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1990138498","https://openalex.org/W2017607294","https://openalex.org/W2034058812","https://openalex.org/W2074629224","https://openalex.org/W2084319905","https://openalex.org/W2084844503","https://openalex.org/W2106418974","https://openalex.org/W2110532419","https://openalex.org/W2114677000","https://openalex.org/W2116331921","https://openalex.org/W2134936648","https://openalex.org/W2136208187","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2152228574","https://openalex.org/W2153846426","https://openalex.org/W2158588521","https://openalex.org/W2159686933","https://openalex.org/W2166008904","https://openalex.org/W2168953725","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W6600548291","https://openalex.org/W6609612681"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3160911891","https://openalex.org/W2779406006","https://openalex.org/W2797230162","https://openalex.org/W2292842372","https://openalex.org/W4364362336","https://openalex.org/W2000101267","https://openalex.org/W2391937622","https://openalex.org/W2086208164","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
