{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055324996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7373(05)80115-4","title":"An algorithm for segmenting handwritten postal codes","display_name":"An algorithm for segmenting handwritten postal codes","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055324996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7373(05)80115-4","mag":"2055324996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0020-7373(05)80115-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7373(05)80115-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225790","display_name":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies","issn_l":"0020-7373","issn":["0020-7373","1879-3614"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006530658","display_name":"Michel C\u00e9sar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Cesar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Canada Post Corporation, Integrated Mail Processing Network Program, Station 603, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A OB1","Department of Computer Science, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Montr\u00e9al, P.Q. Canada, H3G 1M8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canada Post Corporation, Integrated Mail Processing Network Program, Station 603, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A OB1","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Montr\u00e9al, P.Q. Canada, H3G 1M8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111786087","display_name":"Rajjan Shinghal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajjan Shinghal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Canada Post Corporation, Integrated Mail Processing Network Program, Station 603, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A OB1","Department of Computer Science, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Montr\u00e9al, P.Q. Canada, H3G 1M8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canada Post Corporation, Integrated Mail Processing Network Program, Station 603, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A OB1","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Montr\u00e9al, P.Q. Canada, H3G 1M8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20173379,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"63","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13270","display_name":"QR Code Applications and Technologies","score":0.9354000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.6744013428688049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.6396716237068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.630426287651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-segmentation","display_name":"Market segmentation","score":0.6206029653549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6155645847320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5266884565353394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.49662500619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-processing","display_name":"Document processing","score":0.41326695680618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37861570715904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3722382187843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36339977383613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2176363170146942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1256466507911682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0746026337146759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.6744013428688049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6396716237068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.630426287651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125308379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057","display_name":"Market segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6206029653549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6155645847320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5266884565353394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.49662500619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67905146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287646","display_name":"Document processing","level":2,"score":0.41326695680618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37861570715904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3722382187843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36339977383613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2176363170146942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1256466507911682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0746026337146759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0020-7373(05)80115-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7373(05)80115-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225790","display_name":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies","issn_l":"0020-7373","issn":["0020-7373","1879-3614"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592395359","https://openalex.org/W2045342254","https://openalex.org/W2535231171","https://openalex.org/W1501331687","https://openalex.org/W4255512592","https://openalex.org/W2501551404","https://openalex.org/W2326647871","https://openalex.org/W4205247302","https://openalex.org/W2468652214","https://openalex.org/W1504527458"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-23T06:36:01.041984","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}