{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028160972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0255(99)00145-0","title":"An intelligent full-text Chinese\u2013English translation system","display_name":"An intelligent full-text Chinese\u2013English translation system","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028160972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0255(99)00145-0","mag":"2028160972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0020-0255(99)00145-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0255(99)00145-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192650101","display_name":"Information Sciences","issn_l":"0020-0255","issn":["0020-0255","1872-6291"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059420604","display_name":"Julius \u03a4. Tou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julius T. Tou","raw_affiliation_strings":["2046 NW 14th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2046 NW 14th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059420604"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3330,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3330},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11666667,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"125","issue":"1-4","first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8485003709793091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.7440029382705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7327011227607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7127436399459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6494331359863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.6153032183647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-context-free-grammar","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","score":0.5497702360153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.49472472071647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.4609468877315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation-software-usability","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","score":0.4455896019935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.4419940412044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-assisted-translation","display_name":"Computer-assisted translation","score":0.4327918291091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4210054278373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4158196449279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.28368353843688965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8485003709793091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.7440029382705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7327011227607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7127436399459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6494331359863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6153032183647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51802942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662211","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","level":4,"score":0.5497702360153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.49472472071647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.4609468877315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.4455896019935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.4419940412044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110046852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468495","display_name":"Computer-assisted translation","level":3,"score":0.4327918291091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4210054278373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4158196449279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.28368353843688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0020-0255(99)00145-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0255(99)00145-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192650101","display_name":"Information Sciences","issn_l":"0020-0255","issn":["0020-0255","1872-6291"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1623080549","https://openalex.org/W1969427576","https://openalex.org/W4386736008","https://openalex.org/W4400445037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036784334","https://openalex.org/W3204448004","https://openalex.org/W2566847733","https://openalex.org/W2010336863","https://openalex.org/W2166769824","https://openalex.org/W4321010057","https://openalex.org/W2122287718","https://openalex.org/W2740094425","https://openalex.org/W2184842915","https://openalex.org/W1504625892"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}