{"id":"https://openalex.org/W108311148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0190(97)00053-7","title":"A note on error-correcting codes for authentication and subliminal channels","display_name":"A note on error-correcting codes for authentication and subliminal channels","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W108311148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0190(97)00053-7","mag":"108311148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0020-0190(97)00053-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0190(97)00053-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147953040","display_name":"Information Processing Letters","issn_l":"0020-0190","issn":["0020-0190","1872-6119"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034420945","display_name":"Ching\u2010Nung Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3881-7329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Ching-Nung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096775405","display_name":"Laih Chi-Sung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laih Chi-Sung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5096775405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"],"apc_list":{"value":2040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2040},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6154,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74099544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"3","first_page":"141","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subliminal-stimuli","display_name":"Subliminal stimuli","score":0.8927884101867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6362131834030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5427666902542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5347180962562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.4917347729206085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4497912526130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.3865947127342224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3851991593837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32045695185661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2789897918701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16114944219589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1442926824092865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07442352175712585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151496658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310661","display_name":"Subliminal stimuli","level":2,"score":0.8927884101867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6362131834030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5427666902542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5347180962562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.4917347729206085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4497912526130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3865947127342224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3851991593837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32045695185661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2789897918701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16114944219589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1442926824092865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07442352175712585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0020-0190(97)00053-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0190(97)00053-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147953040","display_name":"Information Processing Letters","issn_l":"0020-0190","issn":["0020-0190","1872-6119"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112876875","https://openalex.org/W2947000318"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065233730","https://openalex.org/W2677317338","https://openalex.org/W4283749653","https://openalex.org/W2340305899","https://openalex.org/W2052360580","https://openalex.org/W2372661606","https://openalex.org/W3081146249","https://openalex.org/W2726758166","https://openalex.org/W2157609842","https://openalex.org/W2384739184"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
