{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009331731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(71)90791-1","title":"On channels and codes for the Lee metric","display_name":"On channels and codes for the Lee metric","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009331731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(71)90791-1","mag":"2009331731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(71)90791-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(71)90791-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192454","display_name":"Information and Control","issn_l":"0019-9958","issn":["0019-9958","1878-2981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018255070","display_name":"Jui\u2010Chiu Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1397-8393"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Chung-yaw Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GTE Laboratories, 40 Sylvan Road, Waltham, Mass. 02154, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GTE Laboratories, 40 Sylvan Road, Waltham, Mass. 02154, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110174572","display_name":"Jack K. Wolf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83041322","display_name":"Brooklyn College","ror":"https://ror.org/019k4jq75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83041322"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack K. Wolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Brooklyn, N. Y. 11201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Brooklyn, N. Y. 11201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83041322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018255070"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23728124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"159","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/golomb-coding","display_name":"Golomb coding","score":0.9111914038658142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6800790429115295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6379597187042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-code","display_name":"Hamming code","score":0.5201337933540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.5185128450393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.5000941753387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.49030473828315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.4373733401298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-bound","display_name":"Hamming bound","score":0.4179858863353729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4142410457134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.23836106061935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22368347644805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.08380231261253357}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66656319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2638","display_name":"Golomb coding","level":5,"score":0.9111914038658142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6800790429115295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6379597187042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73150493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853922","display_name":"Hamming code","level":4,"score":0.5201337933540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.5185128450393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5000941753387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.49030473828315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4373733401298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166530166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1970635","display_name":"Hamming bound","level":5,"score":0.4179858863353729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4142410457134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23836106061935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22368347644805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.08380231261253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13481523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412438","display_name":"Image compression","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(71)90791-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(71)90791-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192454","display_name":"Information and Control","issn_l":"0019-9958","issn":["0019-9958","1878-2981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1594652978","https://openalex.org/W2027861675","https://openalex.org/W2057735659","https://openalex.org/W2064759901","https://openalex.org/W2091915792","https://openalex.org/W2100556391","https://openalex.org/W2121567355","https://openalex.org/W2147377025","https://openalex.org/W2163962630","https://openalex.org/W2477276127","https://openalex.org/W3082788712","https://openalex.org/W4211056029","https://openalex.org/W7021089026"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371167013","https://openalex.org/W1964096323","https://openalex.org/W4302771537","https://openalex.org/W2740543340","https://openalex.org/W2119135810","https://openalex.org/W2951416090","https://openalex.org/W2105471374","https://openalex.org/W2008960744","https://openalex.org/W2014631828","https://openalex.org/W2142293082"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}