{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968738492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","title":"On the size of machines","display_name":"On the size of machines","publication_year":1967,"publication_date":"1967-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968738492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","mag":"1968738492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019995867905463/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192454","display_name":"Information and Control","issn_l":"0019-9958","issn":["0019-9958","1878-2981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019995867905463/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102766796","display_name":"Manuel Blum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-4845"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Blum","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT, Department of Mathematics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT, Department of Mathematics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102766796"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5073,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":139,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95830174,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"257","last_page":"265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.6936972737312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6653207540512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/\u03bc-operator","display_name":"\u03bc operator","score":0.6153301000595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primitive-recursive-function","display_name":"Primitive recursive function","score":0.5670080184936523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5422616004943848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.44626539945602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.424761027097702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4201183617115021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.41359952092170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39561089873313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3742815852165222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursive-functions","display_name":"Recursive functions","score":0.3634326457977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.30986762046813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.1539042592048645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.6936972737312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6653207540512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85955891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307772","display_name":"\u03bc operator","level":3,"score":0.6153301000595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9986523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570472","display_name":"Primitive recursive function","level":2,"score":0.5670080184936523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5422616004943848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.44626539945602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.424761027097702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4201183617115021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.41359952092170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39561089873313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3742815852165222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982939207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1175101","display_name":"Recursive functions","level":2,"score":0.3634326457977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.30986762046813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.1539042592048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019995867905463/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192454","display_name":"Information and Control","issn_l":"0019-9958","issn":["0019-9958","1878-2981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90546-3","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019995867905463/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192454","display_name":"Information and Control","issn_l":"0019-9958","issn":["0019-9958","1878-2981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1951998714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NB-04985-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1968738492.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1968738492.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963780006","https://openalex.org/W1966387903","https://openalex.org/W1969678783","https://openalex.org/W2089442854","https://openalex.org/W2125495920","https://openalex.org/W2154462988","https://openalex.org/W2316683592","https://openalex.org/W2586782524","https://openalex.org/W2797656628","https://openalex.org/W4230463006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6819771","https://openalex.org/W955824272","https://openalex.org/W4244106347","https://openalex.org/W2549889701","https://openalex.org/W1596057910","https://openalex.org/W2045115070","https://openalex.org/W4287829245","https://openalex.org/W3010154460","https://openalex.org/W1635266006","https://openalex.org/W2326563584"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-02T14:50:37.381335","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}