{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103411036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(99)00016-3","title":"Restrained domination in graphs","display_name":"Restrained domination in graphs","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103411036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(99)00016-3","mag":"2103411036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0012-365x(99)00016-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(99)00016-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18902827","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics","issn_l":"0012-365X","issn":["0012-365X","1872-681X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010910766","display_name":"Gayla S. Domke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gayla S. Domke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015287380","display_name":"Johannes H. Hattingh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johannes H. Hattingh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111934510","display_name":"Stephen T. Hedetniemi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen T. Hedetniemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA","Department of Computer Science, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032479312","display_name":"Renu Laskar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renu C. Laskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA","Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29634, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29634, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054079460","display_name":"Lisa R. Markus","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86115722","display_name":"Furman University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ytb9n23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa R. Markus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA","Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015287380"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9741,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":158,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77403641,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"203","issue":"1-3","first_page":"61","last_page":"69"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.8631647825241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.8401740789413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominating-set","display_name":"Dominating set","score":0.8134865760803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.6889333724975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domination-analysis","display_name":"Domination analysis","score":0.6815646886825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipartite-graph","display_name":"Bipartite graph","score":0.641829788684845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5298585295677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4965563416481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4428781569004059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardinality","display_name":"Cardinality (data modeling)","score":0.4401947557926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chordal-graph","display_name":"Chordal graph","score":0.42892658710479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.06714397668838501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.8631647825241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8401740789413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146661039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915204","display_name":"Dominating set","level":4,"score":0.8134865760803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.6889333724975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83833204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5290322","display_name":"Domination analysis","level":4,"score":0.6815646886825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197657726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174733","display_name":"Bipartite graph","level":3,"score":0.641829788684845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5298585295677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4965563416481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4428781569004059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87117476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362383","display_name":"Cardinality (data modeling)","level":2,"score":0.4401947557926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160446614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322892","display_name":"Chordal graph","level":3,"score":0.42892658710479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.06714397668838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0012-365x(99)00016-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(99)00016-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18902827","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics","issn_l":"0012-365X","issn":["0012-365X","1872-681X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492169292","https://openalex.org/W1608540139","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2319043422","https://openalex.org/W2796976177","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2794522194","https://openalex.org/W2963404550","https://openalex.org/W1123717642","https://openalex.org/W2984335350","https://openalex.org/W4312062610","https://openalex.org/W3217516113","https://openalex.org/W4226354266","https://openalex.org/W2736530170","https://openalex.org/W4313020364","https://openalex.org/W2034961945"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}