{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033206856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4825(96)00042-x","title":"Distributed system for processing 3D medical images","display_name":"Distributed system for processing 3D medical images","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033206856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4825(96)00042-x","mag":"2033206856","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9158917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0010-4825(96)00042-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4825(96)00042-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44278595","display_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0010-4825","issn":["0010-4825","1879-0534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090923952","display_name":"William E. Higgins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-9374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William E. Higgins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA. weh@ruth.ece.psu.edu","Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","the Bioengineering Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA. weh@ruth.ece.psu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Bioengineering Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009901483","display_name":"Roderick D. Swift","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roderick D. Swift","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","the Bioengineering Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Bioengineering Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090923952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14919155,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"97","last_page":"115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8196626901626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.6433058381080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5860426425933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5677294731140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.536508321762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5335389375686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5183930993080139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5127993226051331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4400593936443329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33780190348625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3321107029914856}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8196626901626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.6433058381080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5860426425933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5677294731140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.536508321762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5335389375686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5183930993080139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5127993226051331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4400593936443329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33780190348625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3321107029914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0010-4825(96)00042-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4825(96)00042-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44278595","display_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0010-4825","issn":["0010-4825","1879-0534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9158917","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9158917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in biology and medicine","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W382021113","https://openalex.org/W1560908187","https://openalex.org/W1570906644","https://openalex.org/W1953468375","https://openalex.org/W1968413177","https://openalex.org/W1975688857","https://openalex.org/W1977856399","https://openalex.org/W1999382066","https://openalex.org/W2002342476","https://openalex.org/W2006774019","https://openalex.org/W2018679552","https://openalex.org/W2032878061","https://openalex.org/W2045603911","https://openalex.org/W2061309567","https://openalex.org/W2076913963","https://openalex.org/W2089989976","https://openalex.org/W2133164695","https://openalex.org/W2133907196","https://openalex.org/W2164741953","https://openalex.org/W2172192113","https://openalex.org/W2293779956","https://openalex.org/W6640771234","https://openalex.org/W6680005501","https://openalex.org/W6685667117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603736412","https://openalex.org/W4379231730","https://openalex.org/W4304185162","https://openalex.org/W2061685118","https://openalex.org/W3006282800","https://openalex.org/W2462100143","https://openalex.org/W1770503332","https://openalex.org/W3125207769","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W4379141755"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}