{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142929170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-1098(99)00034-5","title":"Strong points of weak convergence: a study using RPA gradient estimation for automatic learning","display_name":"Strong points of weak convergence: a study using RPA gradient estimation for automatic learning","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142929170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-1098(99)00034-5","mag":"2142929170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0005-1098(99)00034-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-1098(99)00034-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51360982","display_name":"Automatica","issn_l":"0005-1098","issn":["0005-1098","1873-2836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029543403","display_name":"Felisa J. V\u00e1zquez-Abad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU","CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Felisa J. V\u00e1zquez-Abad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, University of Montreal, Canada","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, University of Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029543403"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595","https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8170541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"7","first_page":"1255","last_page":"1274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10067","display_name":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10067","display_name":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.8138021230697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.6408692002296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-approximation","display_name":"Stochastic approximation","score":0.6009414792060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5069320797920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.503147542476654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.49903106689453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perturbation","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","score":0.4540170431137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.4516814947128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.45013418793678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43522509932518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4336319863796234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3841772675514221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3837132453918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2074468433856964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.19077789783477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.12965616583824158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09790429472923279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08759629726409912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.8138021230697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6408692002296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55479107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97663916","display_name":"Stochastic approximation","level":3,"score":0.6009414792060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5069320797920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.503147542476654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.49903106689453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177918212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803623","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4540170431137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.4516814947128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.45013418793678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43522509932518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4336319863796234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3841772675514221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3837132453918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2074468433856964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.19077789783477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.12965616583824158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09790429472923279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08759629726409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0005-1098(99)00034-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-1098(99)00034-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51360982","display_name":"Automatica","issn_l":"0005-1098","issn":["0005-1098","1873-2836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.44.3091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.44.3091","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~vazquez/papers/autom98.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.56.4703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.56.4703","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ee.unimelb.edu.au/staff/fva/PROF/../papers/autom99.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114148695","https://openalex.org/W1531253382","https://openalex.org/W1586561100","https://openalex.org/W1593494339","https://openalex.org/W1963747782","https://openalex.org/W1965786092","https://openalex.org/W1984971642","https://openalex.org/W1994616650","https://openalex.org/W2006036383","https://openalex.org/W2007854530","https://openalex.org/W2009797711","https://openalex.org/W2027449436","https://openalex.org/W2038260844","https://openalex.org/W2043433566","https://openalex.org/W2056345872","https://openalex.org/W2062605746","https://openalex.org/W2073262880","https://openalex.org/W2075061201","https://openalex.org/W2075167161","https://openalex.org/W2084091044","https://openalex.org/W2089256099","https://openalex.org/W2089317460","https://openalex.org/W2091808051","https://openalex.org/W2124289529","https://openalex.org/W2125812768","https://openalex.org/W2132443902","https://openalex.org/W2137170340","https://openalex.org/W2157984792","https://openalex.org/W2321540280","https://openalex.org/W2802739963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988224349","https://openalex.org/W4377864670","https://openalex.org/W4226153041","https://openalex.org/W3214543110","https://openalex.org/W314650428","https://openalex.org/W3210723456","https://openalex.org/W2012455789","https://openalex.org/W1979642929","https://openalex.org/W1827694088","https://openalex.org/W2003325701"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
