{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029757490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00082-9","title":"Search in games with incomplete information: a case study using Bridge card play","display_name":"Search in games with incomplete information: a case study using Bridge card play","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029757490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00082-9","mag":"2029757490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00082-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00082-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112039435","display_name":"Ian Frank","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ian Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complex Games Lab, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Umezono I-1-4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305","Complex Games Lab, Ibaraki, Japan#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complex Games Lab, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Umezono I-1-4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complex Games Lab, Ibaraki, Japan#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025344654","display_name":"David Basin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Basin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Am Flughafen 17, Freiburg, Germany","Univ. Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Am Flughafen 17, Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112039435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0418,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96281306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"100","issue":"1-2","first_page":"87","last_page":"123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.8149204254150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7687418460845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complete-information","display_name":"Complete information","score":0.6870089769363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5649286508560181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5210806131362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4676969051361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.4279004633426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorial-game-theory","display_name":"Combinatorial game theory","score":0.42352044582366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-game","display_name":"Sequential game","score":0.38696593046188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3805564045906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.368156760931015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3428057134151459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18890821933746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.14797121286392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13313934206962585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.8149204254150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7687418460845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113336015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574010","display_name":"Complete information","level":2,"score":0.6870089769363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5649286508560181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5210806131362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4676969051361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.4279004633426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102234262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320931","display_name":"Combinatorial game theory","level":4,"score":0.42352044582366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73795354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287618","display_name":"Sequential game","level":3,"score":0.38696593046188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3805564045906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.368156760931015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3428057134151459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18890821933746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.14797121286392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13313934206962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00082-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00082-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:hdl:10068/652620","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10068/652620","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196900","display_name":"OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1295345811","host_organization_name":"Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295345811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"R - Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.42.3558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.42.3558","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dream.dai.ed.ac.uk/publications/96-98/780.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edoc.mpg.de:519639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edoc.mpg.de/519639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922265","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edoc.mpg.de:519765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edoc.mpg.de/519765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922265","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence, v.100, 87-123 (1998)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_1331448","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-000F-387F-D","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7685487","https://openalex.org/W40540980","https://openalex.org/W43605175","https://openalex.org/W98731650","https://openalex.org/W112063758","https://openalex.org/W126804004","https://openalex.org/W140972017","https://openalex.org/W170748079","https://openalex.org/W1518822845","https://openalex.org/W1559661475","https://openalex.org/W1570812264","https://openalex.org/W1594439076","https://openalex.org/W1970647289","https://openalex.org/W1978304080","https://openalex.org/W1978865199","https://openalex.org/W2012574730","https://openalex.org/W2070558876","https://openalex.org/W2074942748","https://openalex.org/W2144846366","https://openalex.org/W2202514763","https://openalex.org/W2325880851","https://openalex.org/W2330024298","https://openalex.org/W2597319409","https://openalex.org/W2914923813","https://openalex.org/W3011815682","https://openalex.org/W3043953926","https://openalex.org/W4234761190","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4299415759","https://openalex.org/W6600311469","https://openalex.org/W6601612901","https://openalex.org/W6601763498","https://openalex.org/W6605221327","https://openalex.org/W6605707820","https://openalex.org/W6606999261","https://openalex.org/W6634263567","https://openalex.org/W6635628761","https://openalex.org/W6668052200","https://openalex.org/W6726770824","https://openalex.org/W6759236772","https://openalex.org/W6775263284","https://openalex.org/W7070802745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393381316","https://openalex.org/W2382408622","https://openalex.org/W2071306797","https://openalex.org/W2119845623","https://openalex.org/W2363209934","https://openalex.org/W1557018980","https://openalex.org/W4210868699","https://openalex.org/W4242695085","https://openalex.org/W2370813955","https://openalex.org/W2389688028"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
