{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120327309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(02)00121-2","title":"Multiagent learning using a variable learning rate","display_name":"Multiagent learning using a variable learning rate","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120327309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(02)00121-2","mag":"2120327309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0004-3702(02)00121-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(02)00121-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081163135","display_name":"Michael Bowling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-8418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Bowling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057963205","display_name":"Manuela Veloso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-095X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuela Veloso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081163135"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":{"value":3670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.9781,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":785,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99724537,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"136","issue":"2","first_page":"215","last_page":"250"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.717089831829071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.693001389503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-function","display_name":"Iterated function","score":0.6293938159942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6164315342903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5357766151428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5234255790710449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5134443044662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-learning","display_name":"Policy learning","score":0.49936461448669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.4867689609527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4704754948616028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35312336683273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21472856402397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.0810745358467102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.717089831829071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.693001389503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.6293938159942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6164315342903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5357766151428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5234255790710449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5134443044662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779436431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672407","display_name":"Policy learning","level":2,"score":0.49936461448669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4867689609527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4704754948616028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35312336683273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21472856402397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0810745358467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0004-3702(02)00121-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(02)00121-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.11.7195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.11.7195","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/coral/publinks/mmv/02aij-mike.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.15.9616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.15.9616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mhb/papers/02aij.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.218.2377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.218.2377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.damas.ift.ulaval.ca/~coursMAS/Presentations-2K8/Bowling-Rate.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.68.8012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.68.8012","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mhb/papers/02aij.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W361876","https://openalex.org/W58712762","https://openalex.org/W1496590343","https://openalex.org/W1513468570","https://openalex.org/W1515108343","https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W1518187106","https://openalex.org/W1530487017","https://openalex.org/W1542941925","https://openalex.org/W1594871463","https://openalex.org/W1605188341","https://openalex.org/W1607392272","https://openalex.org/W1641379095","https://openalex.org/W1767750049","https://openalex.org/W1835254890","https://openalex.org/W1907356258","https://openalex.org/W1994851329","https://openalex.org/W2028145673","https://openalex.org/W2039355449","https://openalex.org/W2067050450","https://openalex.org/W2104602264","https://openalex.org/W2107726111","https://openalex.org/W2109100253","https://openalex.org/W2142839172","https://openalex.org/W2149254401","https://openalex.org/W2150339816","https://openalex.org/W2155027007","https://openalex.org/W2160067530","https://openalex.org/W2164056559","https://openalex.org/W2321289260","https://openalex.org/W2341171179","https://openalex.org/W2575731723","https://openalex.org/W2589394640","https://openalex.org/W2797585760","https://openalex.org/W2911283634","https://openalex.org/W2914656440","https://openalex.org/W3011120880","https://openalex.org/W4205834900","https://openalex.org/W4301630257","https://openalex.org/W4375906334","https://openalex.org/W6600018571","https://openalex.org/W6630520071","https://openalex.org/W6630838994","https://openalex.org/W6632558091","https://openalex.org/W6635431665","https://openalex.org/W6636288269","https://openalex.org/W6637033378","https://openalex.org/W6639734652","https://openalex.org/W6653081593","https://openalex.org/W6675811377","https://openalex.org/W6681246212","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6683935339","https://openalex.org/W6684199269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W3103325625","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W4380318855","https://openalex.org/W2031695474","https://openalex.org/W1486898455","https://openalex.org/W2586732548","https://openalex.org/W3049728571","https://openalex.org/W20361778"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":31}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}