{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161157573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","title":"ETHOS.TISED: A python package for temporal downscaling of solar irradiance","display_name":"ETHOS.TISED: A python package for temporal downscaling of solar irradiance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161157573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2506067282","display_name":"SoftwareX","issn_l":"2352-7110","issn":["2352-7110"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SoftwareX","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093209820","display_name":"Olalekan Omoyele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9132-8244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Olalekan Omoyele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 52062 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9132-8244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 52062 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094327429","display_name":"Julian Belina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-2936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Belina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 52062 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-2936","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 52062 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135395978","display_name":"Noor Titan Putri Hartono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-0620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Titan Putri Hartono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-0620","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047536767","display_name":"Maximilian Hoffmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1232-8110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maximilian Hoffmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1232-8110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064139912","display_name":"Jann Michael Weinand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-876X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jann Michael Weinand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-876X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086037291","display_name":"Miguel Larra\u00f1eta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9090-4200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Larra\u00f1eta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Energ\u00e9tica Universidad de Sevilla, 4 San Fernando Str \u2013, Seville, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9090-4200","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Energ\u00e9tica Universidad de Sevilla, 4 San Fernando Str \u2013, Seville, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136182624","display_name":"Jochen Lin\u00dfen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2805-2307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jochen Lin\u00dfen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2805-2307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136091406","display_name":"Detlef Stolten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171892758","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I171892758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Detlef Stolten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 52062 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, J\u00fclich Systems Analysis, 52425 J\u00fclich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 52062 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093209820"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171892758","https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":{"value":500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":500},"apc_paid":{"value":500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":500},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95411034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"102688","last_page":"102688"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.784600019454956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.784600019454956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.05849999934434891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10251","display_name":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","score":0.044199999421834946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downscaling","display_name":"Downscaling","score":0.8647000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irradiance","display_name":"Irradiance","score":0.786300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.6492000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-irradiance","display_name":"Solar irradiance","score":0.6144999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-package","display_name":"Software package","score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.3675000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41156917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682831","display_name":"Downscaling","level":3,"score":0.8647000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46423501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830654","display_name":"Irradiance","level":2,"score":0.786300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6492000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9695528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7556707","display_name":"Solar irradiance","level":2,"score":0.6144999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6018000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46720001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020440742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1176855","display_name":"Software package","level":3,"score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119666444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977280","display_name":"Temporal resolution","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778676262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7555952","display_name":"Solar Resource","level":3,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2506067282","display_name":"SoftwareX","issn_l":"2352-7110","issn":["2352-7110"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SoftwareX","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2506067282","display_name":"SoftwareX","issn_l":"2352-7110","issn":["2352-7110"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SoftwareX","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.8522252440452576,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325698","display_name":"Helmholtz Association","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000827156","https://openalex.org/W2011724361","https://openalex.org/W2038368480","https://openalex.org/W2068316445","https://openalex.org/W2092317443","https://openalex.org/W2136955903","https://openalex.org/W2154253682","https://openalex.org/W2486305192","https://openalex.org/W2509613771","https://openalex.org/W2601101962","https://openalex.org/W2605167157","https://openalex.org/W2621900912","https://openalex.org/W2759166206","https://openalex.org/W2768647773","https://openalex.org/W2788611176","https://openalex.org/W2889814654","https://openalex.org/W2893322381","https://openalex.org/W2898962279","https://openalex.org/W2921942783","https://openalex.org/W2965486273","https://openalex.org/W2982213126","https://openalex.org/W3002597771","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3016440642","https://openalex.org/W3034789206","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W3100724482","https://openalex.org/W3111242848","https://openalex.org/W3167590863","https://openalex.org/W4285308003","https://openalex.org/W4304187131","https://openalex.org/W4309473738","https://openalex.org/W4388439136","https://openalex.org/W4399913913","https://openalex.org/W4403889286","https://openalex.org/W4410616534","https://openalex.org/W4414696228"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"temporal-resolution":[1],"solar":[2],"irradiance":[3,43,105],"data":[4,63],"are":[5,23],"essential":[6],"for":[7,53],"a":[8],"wide":[9],"range":[10],"of":[11,40,103,115],"energy":[12,121],"and":[13,20,56,79,88,93,113,117],"climate":[14,18],"applications.":[15],"However,":[16],"most":[17],"models":[19],"reanalysis":[21],"datasets":[22],"only":[24],"available":[25],"at":[26],"hourly":[27,45],"resolution.":[28],"ETHOS.TISED":[29],"is":[30],"an":[31],"open-source":[32],"Python":[33],"package":[34],"which":[35,84],"facilitates":[36],"the":[37,73,80,86,100,108,111],"temporal":[38],"downscaling":[39],"global":[41],"horizontal":[42],"from":[44],"to":[46],"minute-scale":[47,61],"resolution,":[48],"using":[49],"daily":[50],"variability":[51],"indicators":[52],"all":[54],"climates":[55],"locations.":[57],"The":[58],"synthetically":[59],"generated":[60],"resolution":[62],"show":[64],"close":[65],"agreement":[66],"with":[67],"measured":[68,92],"observations":[69],"as":[70],"demonstrated":[71],"by":[72],"normalized":[74],"root":[75],"mean":[76],"squared":[77],"error":[78],"Kolmogorov-Smirnov":[81],"integral":[82],"test,":[83],"quantify":[85],"point-to-point":[87],"distributional":[89],"divergence":[90],"between":[91],"synthesized":[94],"time":[95,106],"series,":[96,107],"respectively.":[97],"By":[98],"enabling":[99],"reproducible":[101],"generation":[102],"high-frequency":[104],"software":[109],"improves":[110],"robustness":[112],"reliability":[114],"research":[116],"applied":[118],"studies":[119],"in":[120],"system":[122],"modeling.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-15T06:12:33.780692","created_date":"2026-05-15T00:00:00"}