{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411162892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","title":"Overlapping social circles in historical elite career networks:Measuring accumulated social status with \u2018k-circles\u2019 and circle esteem in bipartite networks","display_name":"Overlapping social circles in historical elite career networks:Measuring accumulated social status with \u2018k-circles\u2019 and circle esteem in bipartite networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411162892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26186134","display_name":"Social Networks","issn_l":"0378-8733","issn":["0378-8733","1879-2111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047695801","display_name":"Anton Grau Larsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-6437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107707843","display_name":"Roskilde University","ror":"https://ror.org/014axpa37","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107707843"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anton Grau Larsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roskilde University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-6437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roskilde University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107707843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024062773","display_name":"Jacob Aagaard Lunding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-9699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180519160","display_name":"Copenhagen Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/04sppb023","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180519160"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Aagaard Lunding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Copenhagen Business School, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-9699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Copenhagen Business School, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180519160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009006387","display_name":"Christoph Ellersgaard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2512-1477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180519160","display_name":"Copenhagen Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/04sppb023","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180519160"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Houman Ellersgaard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Copenhagen Business School, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Copenhagen Business School, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180519160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047695801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107707843"],"apc_list":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"fwci":11.1695,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97851509,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"83","issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"49"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11895","display_name":"Social and Cultural Dynamics","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11895","display_name":"Social and Cultural Dynamics","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11239","display_name":"Social Capital and Networks","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14140","display_name":"Elite Sociology and Global Capitalism","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elite","display_name":"Elite","score":0.8647885322570801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipartite-graph","display_name":"Bipartite graph","score":0.6036050915718079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-status","display_name":"Social status","score":0.4422034025192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.41752728819847107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.40236759185791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3845340311527252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37712234258651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.2891232967376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.20007386803627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.13793009519577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09229528903961182}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192797","display_name":"Elite","level":3,"score":0.8647885322570801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197657726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174733","display_name":"Bipartite graph","level":3,"score":0.6036050915718079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142806620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189970","display_name":"Social status","level":2,"score":0.4422034025192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.41752728819847107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40236759185791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3845340311527252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37712234258651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2891232967376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20007386803627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.13793009519577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09229528903961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26186134","display_name":"Social Networks","issn_l":"0378-8733","issn":["0378-8733","1879-2111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/bc3489a5-516e-47a0-8f93-88c48a68484b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://forskning.ruc.dk/da/publications/bc3489a5-516e-47a0-8f93-88c48a68484b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401457","display_name":"RUCforsk (Roskilde University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I107707843","host_organization_name":"Roskilde University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107707843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Larsen, A G, Lunding, J A & Ellersgaard, C H 2025, 'Overlapping social circles in historical elite career networks:Measuring accumulated social status with \u2018k-circles\u2019 and circle esteem in bipartite networks', Social Networks, vol. 83, pp. 28-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-api.cbs.dk:publications/7c4e0821-824a-4b77-8a25-2f3f5ec5a8ae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.cbs.dk/en/publications/7c4e0821-824a-4b77-8a25-2f3f5ec5a8ae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401458","display_name":"CBS Research Portal (Copenhagen Business School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180519160","host_organization_name":"Copenhagen Business School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180519160"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Grau Larsen, A, Lunding, J & Ellersgaard, C H 2025, 'Overlapping Social Circles in Historical Elite Career Networks : Measuring Accumulated Social Status with \u2018K-Circles\u2019 and Circle Esteem in Bipartite Networks', Social Networks, vol. 83, pp. 28-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-api.cbs.dk:openaire/7c4e0821-824a-4b77-8a25-2f3f5ec5a8ae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10398/7c4e0821-824a-4b77-8a25-2f3f5ec5a8ae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401458","display_name":"CBS Research Portal (Copenhagen Business School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180519160","host_organization_name":"Copenhagen Business School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180519160"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Grau Larsen, A, Lunding, J & Ellersgaard, C H 2025, 'Overlapping Social Circles in Historical Elite Career Networks : Measuring Accumulated Social Status with \u2018K-Circles\u2019 and Circle Esteem in Bipartite Networks', Social Networks, vol. 83, pp. 28-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2025.04.006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26186134","display_name":"Social Networks","issn_l":"0378-8733","issn":["0378-8733","1879-2111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3426013159","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"8019-00021B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310487","funder_display_name":"Samfund og Erhverv, Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4922700974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"8019\\u201300021B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310487","funder_display_name":"Samfund og Erhverv, Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310487","display_name":"Samfund og Erhverv, Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327387","display_name":"Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W309963313","https://openalex.org/W564579485","https://openalex.org/W1495014943","https://openalex.org/W1559053770","https://openalex.org/W1593042409","https://openalex.org/W1599904921","https://openalex.org/W1902009078","https://openalex.org/W1920083951","https://openalex.org/W1971310904","https://openalex.org/W1975140541","https://openalex.org/W1975144819","https://openalex.org/W1983828391","https://openalex.org/W2002779084","https://openalex.org/W2005468406","https://openalex.org/W2008312677","https://openalex.org/W2008968719","https://openalex.org/W2013298049","https://openalex.org/W2013751737","https://openalex.org/W2014415366","https://openalex.org/W2019863014","https://openalex.org/W2022996068","https://openalex.org/W2024220612","https://openalex.org/W2037967274","https://openalex.org/W2041181884","https://openalex.org/W2056270883","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2074461996","https://openalex.org/W2080996291","https://openalex.org/W2082840749","https://openalex.org/W2084241472","https://openalex.org/W2087538707","https://openalex.org/W2096348448","https://openalex.org/W2101665998","https://openalex.org/W2104051593","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2112272780","https://openalex.org/W2130248793","https://openalex.org/W2134672337","https://openalex.org/W2148606255","https://openalex.org/W2152099454","https://openalex.org/W2155181262","https://openalex.org/W2163154541","https://openalex.org/W2166121377","https://openalex.org/W2167368709","https://openalex.org/W2237104950","https://openalex.org/W2298494181","https://openalex.org/W2312744117","https://openalex.org/W2315932515","https://openalex.org/W2321121064","https://openalex.org/W2330007739","https://openalex.org/W2344306680","https://openalex.org/W2511599668","https://openalex.org/W2526141444","https://openalex.org/W2528089033","https://openalex.org/W2528289494","https://openalex.org/W2559865276","https://openalex.org/W2582804207","https://openalex.org/W2604717887","https://openalex.org/W2604780958","https://openalex.org/W2619556026","https://openalex.org/W2620956198","https://openalex.org/W2767240321","https://openalex.org/W2767249079","https://openalex.org/W2767378543","https://openalex.org/W2795486230","https://openalex.org/W2799735822","https://openalex.org/W2800948537","https://openalex.org/W2912708407","https://openalex.org/W2921669312","https://openalex.org/W2945464128","https://openalex.org/W2947256702","https://openalex.org/W2948456821","https://openalex.org/W2967616873","https://openalex.org/W2973998285","https://openalex.org/W2986386290","https://openalex.org/W3009094743","https://openalex.org/W3022339544","https://openalex.org/W3023815068","https://openalex.org/W3034279257","https://openalex.org/W3105878127","https://openalex.org/W3125200160","https://openalex.org/W3131467180","https://openalex.org/W3174220644","https://openalex.org/W4238497077","https://openalex.org/W4244064538","https://openalex.org/W4253339070","https://openalex.org/W4300998844","https://openalex.org/W4318827787","https://openalex.org/W4322501103","https://openalex.org/W6646121480","https://openalex.org/W6672618911","https://openalex.org/W6679834789","https://openalex.org/W6728019190","https://openalex.org/W6760416853","https://openalex.org/W6767368285","https://openalex.org/W6781877431","https://openalex.org/W6782169938","https://openalex.org/W6836790864"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W3173976592","https://openalex.org/W4386010110","https://openalex.org/W2322432826","https://openalex.org/W2047008865","https://openalex.org/W2943855857","https://openalex.org/W2057794537","https://openalex.org/W2171731378","https://openalex.org/W2130964313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"extending":[1],"Breiger\u2019s":[2],"(1974)":[3],"notion":[4],"of":[5,8,47,85,97,114,133],"the":[6,59,82,111],"duality":[7],"persons":[9],"and":[10,16,43,55,139,145,152,168],"groups":[11],"to":[12,39,66,106,135],"biographical":[13],"data,":[14],"individuals":[15,42,146,163],"organisations":[17,44,144,170],"can":[18],"be":[19],"linked":[20],"through":[21,70,148],"career":[22,78,101,131,153,172],"overlaps,":[23],"formalised":[24],"as":[25,103],"k":[26,34,75,90,127,157],"-circles,":[27,128],"a":[28,104],"minimal":[29],"members":[30],"decomposition":[31],"approach.":[32],"This":[33],"-circle":[35],"measure":[36],"is":[37],"used":[38],"identify":[40,77,136],"key":[41,143],"in":[45],"biographies":[46],"more":[48],"than":[49,81],"30,000":[50],"Danish":[51],"elites":[52,115,134],"between":[53],"1910":[54],"2020.":[56],"We":[57,87],"compare":[58],"central":[60,137,162,169],"circle":[61],"based":[62,155],"on":[63,156],"CV":[64],"data":[65],"an":[67],"elite":[68,121],"identified":[69,147],"affiliation":[71],"networks,":[72],"showing":[73],"that":[74,161],"-circles":[76,91],"hubs":[79],"rather":[80],"meeting":[83],"points":[84],"elites.":[86],"discuss":[88],"how":[89],"are":[92,171],"associated":[93],"with":[94],"standard":[95],"measures":[96],"centrality.":[98],"\u2022":[99,123,141,159],"Presents":[100],"networks":[102,154],"way":[105],"assess":[107],"capital":[108],"accumulation":[109],"over":[110],"organisational":[112],"trajectories":[113],"which":[116],"brings":[117],"past":[118],"ties":[119],"into":[120],"studies.":[122],"Proposed":[124],"novel":[125],"method,":[126],"for":[129],"analysing":[130],"overlaps":[132],"actors":[138],"organisations.":[140],"Compares":[142],"membership":[149],"network":[150],"analysis":[151],"-circles.":[158],"Shows":[160],"come":[164],"from":[165],"privileged":[166],"backgrounds":[167],"hubs.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-24T08:23:43.765630","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}