{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140178158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","title":"Impact of Data Augmentation on U-Net Architectures for Breast Tumour Segmentation in Ultrasound Imaging","display_name":"Impact of Data Augmentation on U-Net Architectures for Breast Tumour Segmentation in Ultrasound Imaging","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140178158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120348307","display_name":"Procedia Computer Science","issn_l":"1877-0509","issn":["1877-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Filipa Macedo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Filipa Macedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sofia Rosa","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sofia Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pedro J.S.B. Caridade","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pedro J.S.B. Caridade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coimbra Chemistry Center \u2013 Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS), Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coimbra Chemistry Center \u2013 Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS), Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ver\u00f3nica Vasconcelos","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ver\u00f3nica Vasconcelos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63102022,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"278","issue":null,"first_page":"1382","last_page":"1389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9004999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9004999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11134","display_name":"Breast Lesions and Carcinomas","score":0.019999999552965164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.017999999225139618,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-ultrasound","display_name":"Breast ultrasound","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-imaging","display_name":"Breast imaging","score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.548799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.5228000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4397999942302704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8072999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777423100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1888238","display_name":"Breast ultrasound","level":5,"score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777432617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22905905","display_name":"Breast imaging","level":5,"score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5946999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.548799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.5228000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4397999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986892559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","level":3,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125308379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057","display_name":"Market segmentation","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992165143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Medical ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120348307","display_name":"Procedia Computer Science","issn_l":"1877-0509","issn":["1877-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.03.123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120348307","display_name":"Procedia Computer Science","issn_l":"1877-0509","issn":["1877-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2737370020","https://openalex.org/W2809504579","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2991372685","https://openalex.org/W3203886626","https://openalex.org/W4213321889","https://openalex.org/W4290928897","https://openalex.org/W4392741075","https://openalex.org/W4407681133"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Breast":[0],"ultrasound":[1,54,153],"is":[2,32],"one":[3],"of":[4,39,59,137,151],"the":[5,37,40,57,116,122,135,146],"most":[6],"widely":[7],"used":[8],"imaging":[9],"modalities":[10],"for":[11],"detecting":[12],"breast":[13,51,152],"tumours.":[14],"However,":[15,91],"its":[16],"analysis":[17],"remains":[18],"challenging":[19],"due":[20],"to":[21,81,87,144],"lesion":[22],"variability":[23],"and":[24,42,49,84,109,127,133,148],"demands":[25],"on":[26],"medical":[27],"resources.":[28],"Therefore,":[29],"automatic":[30],"segmentation":[31,132],"crucial.":[33],"This":[34],"paper":[35],"evaluates":[36],"performance":[38],"U-Net":[41,44],"Attention":[43,117],"architectures":[45],"in":[46,53,76,107,129],"segmenting":[47],"benign":[48,102],"malignant":[50,77,130],"tumours":[52],"images,":[55],"emphasising":[56],"importance":[58],"data":[60,112,142],"augmentation.":[61],"An":[62],"accuracy":[63],"above":[64],"91%":[65],"was":[66],"consistently":[67],"achieved":[68],"across":[69],"all":[70],"experiments.":[71],"Data":[72],"augmentation":[73,143],"improved":[74],"precision":[75,108,128],"cases,":[78],"from":[79,85],"72.67%":[80],"88.16%":[82],"(U-Net)":[83],"79.51%":[86],"89.78%":[88],"(Attention":[89],"U-Net).":[90],"it":[92],"reduced":[93],"recall,":[94],"indicating":[95],"a":[96],"more":[97],"conservative":[98],"segmentation.":[99],"In":[100],"contrast,":[101],"cases":[103],"demonstrated":[104],"simultaneous":[105],"improvements":[106],"recall":[110,126],"with":[111,115,141],"augmentation,":[113],"particularly":[114],"U-Net.":[118],"These":[119],"results":[120],"highlight":[121],"critical":[123],"relationship":[124],"between":[125],"tumour":[131],"reinforce":[134],"value":[136],"combining":[138],"deep":[139],"learning":[140],"increase":[145],"robustness":[147],"clinical":[149],"applicability":[150],"analysis.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-25T08:17:42.794288","created_date":"2026-03-25T00:00:00"}
