{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140078278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","title":"A Conceptual Digital Twin Framework: Design Guidelines for a Smart Port Gate Context","display_name":"A Conceptual Digital Twin Framework: Design Guidelines for a Smart Port Gate Context","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140078278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120348307","display_name":"Procedia Computer Science","issn_l":"1877-0509","issn":["1877-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130363259","display_name":"Raquel Gil Pereira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raquel Gil Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069743976","display_name":"Rui Borges Lopes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7676-7599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Borges Lopes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research & Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research & Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123355600","display_name":"Leonor Teixeira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonor Teixeira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal","Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130363259"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59842041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"277","issue":null,"first_page":"1061","last_page":"1070"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.7994999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.7994999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11223","display_name":"Maritime Ports and Logistics","score":0.09120000153779984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.013700000010430813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container","display_name":"Container (type theory)","score":0.6912999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6355999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.5605999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stakeholder","display_name":"Stakeholder","score":0.5389000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.521399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.6912999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6355999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.5605999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.5389000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.521399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.42080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.4043999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.399399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781368080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501688","display_name":"Context awareness","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779664074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518405","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120208923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158435","display_name":"Conceptual design","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120348307","display_name":"Procedia Computer Science","issn_l":"1877-0509","issn":["1877-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120348307","display_name":"Procedia Computer Science","issn_l":"1877-0509","issn":["1877-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6003837585449219,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310000","display_name":"Universidade de Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009429512","https://openalex.org/W2971049375","https://openalex.org/W3090500826","https://openalex.org/W3120463484","https://openalex.org/W4293210198","https://openalex.org/W4390840962","https://openalex.org/W4406171790","https://openalex.org/W4407392539"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,34,163],"conceptual":[4],"Digital":[5,30],"Twin":[6],"(DT)":[7,64],"framework":[8,58,113],"tailored":[9],"to":[10,69,91,102,119,166],"smart":[11],"gate":[12,76,157],"operations":[13,49],"in":[14,37,104],"container":[15,74],"terminals,":[16],"addressing":[17],"an":[18],"under-explored":[19],"yet":[20],"critical":[21],"area":[22],"of":[23,29,40,73,96,149,152,162],"port":[24],"logistics.":[25],"While":[26],"the":[27,38,56,70,88,147,150,156,160],"application":[28],"Twins":[31],"has":[32],"seen":[33],"marked":[35],"increase":[36],"domains":[39],"manufacturing":[41],"and":[42,66,109,123,134,140,159,176],"large-scale":[43],"infrastructure,":[44],"their":[45],"utilization":[46],"within":[47],"gate-level":[48],"remains":[50],"underdeveloped.":[51],"To":[52],"address":[53],"this":[54],"gap,":[55],"proposed":[57,127],"synthesizes":[59],"insights":[60],"from":[61,87],"existing":[62],"data-driven":[63],"architectures":[65],"adapts":[67],"them":[68],"specific":[71],"context":[72],"terminal":[75],"management.":[77],"The":[78,112,126,142],"resulting":[79],"model":[80],"is":[81,99,129],"structured":[82],"into":[83],"five":[84],"layers,":[85],"ranging":[86],"physical":[89],"environment":[90],"decision":[92],"support.":[93],"A":[94],"set":[95],"guiding":[97],"questions":[98],"also":[100],"provided":[101],"assist":[103],"system":[105,124],"design,":[106],"stakeholder":[107,177],"alignment,":[108],"prototype":[110],"planning.":[111],"under":[114],"consideration":[115],"emphasizes":[116],"modularity,":[117],"intending":[118],"support":[120],"early-stage":[121],"planning":[122],"integration.":[125],"initiative":[128],"consistent":[130],"with":[131],"international":[132],"standards":[133],"best":[135],"practices,":[136],"thereby":[137],"ensuring":[138],"relevance":[139],"adaptability.":[141],"work\u2019s":[143],"primary":[144],"contributions":[145],"are":[146],"enhancement":[148],"understanding":[151],"DT":[153],"applications":[154],"at":[155],"level":[158],"provision":[161],"practical":[164],"tool":[165],"inform":[167],"subsequent":[168],"development":[169],"stages.":[170],"Future":[171],"work":[172],"involves":[173],"real-world":[174],"validation":[175],"engagement.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-30T09:15:22.047038","created_date":"2026-03-24T00:00:00"}