{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134904459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2026.03.009","title":"DDOF: A high-dimensional outlier detection algorithm based on deviation distance outlier factor","display_name":"DDOF: A high-dimensional outlier detection algorithm based on deviation distance outlier factor","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134904459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2026.03.009"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2026.03.009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2026.03.009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128779289","display_name":"Zhongping Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154792","display_name":"Virtual Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/054grzz74","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154792"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhongping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China","System Integration of Hebei Province, The Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"System Integration of Hebei Province, The Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154792","https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128735510","display_name":"Xiaozhe Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaozhe Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6986-6695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128745221","display_name":"Sen Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Avenue, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128779289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907","https://openalex.org/I4210154792"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23964968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"203","issue":null,"first_page":"126","last_page":"132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9534000158309937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9534000158309937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6252999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5115000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-outlier-factor","display_name":"Local outlier factor","score":0.46889999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","score":0.4097000062465668}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6252999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5467000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5115000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387942","display_name":"Local outlier factor","level":3,"score":0.46889999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781039887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391724","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4056999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986158284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Distance measurement","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2026.03.009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2026.03.009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1476779383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22567626H","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324965","funder_display_name":"Hebei Provincial Department of Bureau of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3016906662","display_name":"\u4e09\u7ef4\u969c\u788d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u67e5\u8be2\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6495530556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"226Z1707G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G790799416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20BJ122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324965","display_name":"Hebei Provincial Department of Bureau of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05k812a28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963563131","https://openalex.org/W1971460477","https://openalex.org/W2169487163","https://openalex.org/W3209659945","https://openalex.org/W4226060502","https://openalex.org/W4386392333","https://openalex.org/W4401047630"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2026-03-12T00:00:00"}
