{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2021636247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","title":"Empathic concern drives costly altruism","display_name":"Empathic concern drives costly altruism","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2021636247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","mag":"2021636247","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25462694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811914008696/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103225281","display_name":"NeuroImage","issn_l":"1053-8119","issn":["1053-8119","1095-9572"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811914008696/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013927853","display_name":"Oriel FeldmanHall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0726-3861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192597271","display_name":"MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/055bpw879","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90344618","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oriel FeldmanHall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK. Electronic address: Oriel.FeldmanHall@nyu.edu","Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK. Electronic address: Oriel.FeldmanHall@nyu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008690761","display_name":"Tim Dalgleish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7304-2231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192597271","display_name":"MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/055bpw879","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90344618","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Dalgleish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003364737","display_name":"Davy Evans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-9962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192597271","display_name":"MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/055bpw879","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90344618","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davy Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027144528","display_name":"Dean Mobbs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1175-3772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dean Mobbs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, Department of Psychology, 370 Schermerhorn Hall 1190 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY 10027, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, Department of Psychology, 370 Schermerhorn Hall 1190 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY 10027, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013927853"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I90344618"],"apc_list":{"value":3540,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3540},"apc_paid":{"value":3540,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3540},"fwci":15.6328,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":349,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99220385,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"105","issue":null,"first_page":"347","last_page":"356"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11541","display_name":"Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11541","display_name":"Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10509","display_name":"Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10677","display_name":"Attachment and Relationship Dynamics","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-distress","display_name":"Personal distress","score":0.8781344294548035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosocial-behavior","display_name":"Prosocial behavior","score":0.8134206533432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.8003078699111938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altruism","display_name":"Altruism (biology)","score":0.7933327555656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathy","display_name":"Empathy","score":0.7829525470733643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathic-concern","display_name":"Empathic concern","score":0.7191623449325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trait","display_name":"Trait","score":0.690860390663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathy","display_name":"Sympathy","score":0.6195350885391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.6095114350318909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeling","display_name":"Feeling","score":0.5707977414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distress","display_name":"Distress","score":0.5136982202529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arousal","display_name":"Arousal","score":0.48849213123321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helping-behavior","display_name":"Helping behavior","score":0.4703614413738251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3297238349914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.3233703076839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective-taking","display_name":"Perspective-taking","score":0.30357596278190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.14955464005470276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46363204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7170571","display_name":"Personal distress","level":3,"score":0.8781344294548035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158608086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990613","display_name":"Prosocial behavior","level":2,"score":0.8134206533432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8003078699111938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780279448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2559380","display_name":"Altruism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7933327555656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.7829525470733643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778251646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373833","display_name":"Empathic concern","level":4,"score":0.7191623449325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.690860390663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779115301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752118","display_name":"Sympathy","level":2,"score":0.6195350885391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6095114350318909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.5707977414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.5136982202529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36951298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379784","display_name":"Arousal","level":2,"score":0.48849213123321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207546712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5710255","display_name":"Helping behavior","level":2,"score":0.4703614413738251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3297238349914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3233703076839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780342009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18387795","display_name":"Perspective-taking","level":3,"score":0.30357596278190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.14955464005470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002421","descriptor_name":"Caudate Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002421","descriptor_name":"Caudate Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002421","descriptor_name":"Caudate Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002421","descriptor_name":"Caudate Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004645","descriptor_name":"Empathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004645","descriptor_name":"Empathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004645","descriptor_name":"Empathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004645","descriptor_name":"Empathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006179","descriptor_name":"Gyrus Cinguli","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006179","descriptor_name":"Gyrus Cinguli","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006179","descriptor_name":"Gyrus Cinguli","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006179","descriptor_name":"Gyrus Cinguli","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007206","descriptor_name":"Individuality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007206","descriptor_name":"Individuality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007206","descriptor_name":"Individuality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007206","descriptor_name":"Individuality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010551","descriptor_name":"Personality","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010551","descriptor_name":"Personality","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010551","descriptor_name":"Personality","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010551","descriptor_name":"Personality","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017557","descriptor_name":"Ventral Tegmental Area","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017557","descriptor_name":"Ventral Tegmental Area","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017557","descriptor_name":"Ventral Tegmental Area","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017557","descriptor_name":"Ventral Tegmental Area","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811914008696/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103225281","display_name":"NeuroImage","issn_l":"1053-8119","issn":["1053-8119","1095-9572"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25462694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25462694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3260711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4275572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:85088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180305-082625242","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402161","display_name":"CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","host_organization_name":"California Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.043","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811914008696/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103225281","display_name":"NeuroImage","issn_l":"1053-8119","issn":["1053-8119","1095-9572"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2021636247.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2021636247.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499836032","https://openalex.org/W1582811168","https://openalex.org/W1594303435","https://openalex.org/W1825286732","https://openalex.org/W1968634614","https://openalex.org/W1969585040","https://openalex.org/W1973030362","https://openalex.org/W1975000068","https://openalex.org/W1977365680","https://openalex.org/W1979640215","https://openalex.org/W1980083892","https://openalex.org/W1983572971","https://openalex.org/W1995296289","https://openalex.org/W1995664925","https://openalex.org/W1998788559","https://openalex.org/W1999884785","https://openalex.org/W2005420538","https://openalex.org/W2005552354","https://openalex.org/W2006819294","https://openalex.org/W2012308744","https://openalex.org/W2013438045","https://openalex.org/W2014957672","https://openalex.org/W2016557481","https://openalex.org/W2017341863","https://openalex.org/W2019026055","https://openalex.org/W2019540581","https://openalex.org/W2028847787","https://openalex.org/W2032018384","https://openalex.org/W2050618347","https://openalex.org/W2052316774","https://openalex.org/W2052610531","https://openalex.org/W2053627212","https://openalex.org/W2056874158","https://openalex.org/W2060322584","https://openalex.org/W2065813708","https://openalex.org/W2073825915","https://openalex.org/W2085337711","https://openalex.org/W2088335634","https://openalex.org/W2095872187","https://openalex.org/W2096240659","https://openalex.org/W2096307915","https://openalex.org/W2096694261","https://openalex.org/W2098425678","https://openalex.org/W2102748276","https://openalex.org/W2103710664","https://openalex.org/W2105563024","https://openalex.org/W2107210040","https://openalex.org/W2108251530","https://openalex.org/W2108281645","https://openalex.org/W2109880731","https://openalex.org/W2111222789","https://openalex.org/W2114138722","https://openalex.org/W2116146623","https://openalex.org/W2117095913","https://openalex.org/W2118701355","https://openalex.org/W2121004914","https://openalex.org/W2123884941","https://openalex.org/W2126669672","https://openalex.org/W2129586271","https://openalex.org/W2134084792","https://openalex.org/W2138050265","https://openalex.org/W2138442293","https://openalex.org/W2138559331","https://openalex.org/W2139749000","https://openalex.org/W2145642245","https://openalex.org/W2150422125","https://openalex.org/W2151137320","https://openalex.org/W2153288884","https://openalex.org/W2153480757","https://openalex.org/W2157258415","https://openalex.org/W2158295749","https://openalex.org/W2160848358","https://openalex.org/W2172218978","https://openalex.org/W4229511188","https://openalex.org/W4249384859","https://openalex.org/W6679045657","https://openalex.org/W6681944744","https://openalex.org/W6807068570"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097415821","https://openalex.org/W2565774283","https://openalex.org/W1694863721","https://openalex.org/W2275752360","https://openalex.org/W2154837946","https://openalex.org/W150710697","https://openalex.org/W2089276814","https://openalex.org/W2183271856","https://openalex.org/W4213243418","https://openalex.org/W2773985656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Why":[0],"do":[1],"we":[2,31,35,45],"self-sacrifice":[3],"to":[4,64,75,86],"help":[5,32],"others":[6],"in":[7,115,151],"distress?":[8],"Two":[9],"competing":[10],"theories":[11],"have":[12,76],"emerged,":[13],"one":[14],"suggesting":[15],"that":[16,30,68,98,148],"prosocial":[17,159],"behavior":[18],"is":[19,111],"primarily":[20],"motivated":[21],"by":[22,113],"feelings":[23],"of":[24,56],"empathic":[25,70,100,152],"other-oriented":[26],"concern,":[27],"the":[28,47,61,66,116,138],"other":[29],"mainly":[33],"because":[34],"are":[36],"egoistically":[37],"focused":[38],"on":[39,60],"reducing":[40],"our":[41],"own":[42],"discomfort.":[43],"Here":[44],"explore":[46],"relationship":[48,110],"between":[49],"costly":[50,106,144],"altruism":[51],"and":[52,80,108,121,131,140],"these":[53],"two":[54],"sub-processes":[55],"empathy,":[57],"specifically":[58],"drawing":[59],"caregiving":[62],"model":[63],"test":[65],"theory":[67],"trait":[69,81,99,103],"concern":[71],"(e.g.":[72,84],"general":[73],"tendency":[74],"sympathy":[77],"for":[78,127],"another)":[79],"personal":[82,104],"distress":[83],"predisposition":[85],"experiencing":[87],"aversive":[88],"arousal":[89],"states)":[90],"may":[91],"differentially":[92],"drive":[93],"altruistic":[94],"behavior.":[95],"We":[96],"find":[97],"concern--and":[101],"not":[102],"distress--motivates":[105],"altruism,":[107,145],"this":[109,134],"supported":[112],"activity":[114],"ventral":[117],"tegmental":[118],"area,":[119],"caudate":[120],"subgenual":[122],"anterior":[123],"cingulate,":[124],"key":[125],"regions":[126],"promoting":[128],"social":[129],"attachment":[130],"caregiving.":[132],"Together,":[133],"data":[135],"helps":[136],"identify":[137],"behavioral":[139],"neural":[141],"mechanisms":[142],"motivating":[143],"while":[146],"demonstrating":[147],"individual":[149],"differences":[150],"concern-related":[153],"brain":[154],"responses":[155],"can":[156],"predict":[157],"real":[158],"choice.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-09-04T10:56:28.161419","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}