{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160055044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109050","title":"Non-target divergence hypothesis: Toward understanding modality differences in cross-modal knowledge distillation","display_name":"Non-target divergence hypothesis: Toward understanding modality differences in cross-modal knowledge distillation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160055044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109050","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42096886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135221446","display_name":"Yilong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-3519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing, 400065, China; Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College, No. 801 Changzhou Avenue, Chongqing, 402160, China. Electronic address: elonc@foxmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-3519","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing, 400065, China; Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College, No. 801 Changzhou Avenue, Chongqing, 402160, China. Electronic address: elonc@foxmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382","https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135159355","display_name":"Zongyi Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zongyi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing, 400065, China. Electronic address: xuzy@cqupt.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing, 400065, China. Electronic address: xuzy@cqupt.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135207486","display_name":"Xiaoshui Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoshui Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 360 Hefei Road, shanghai, 200025, China. Electronic address: huangxiaoshui@sjtu.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 360 Hefei Road, shanghai, 200025, China. Electronic address: huangxiaoshui@sjtu.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135101169","display_name":"Shanshan Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanshan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Group, No. 699, Wangshang Road, Binjiang District, hangzhou, 311121, zhejiang, China. Electronic address: sshan.zhao00@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Group, No. 699, Wangshang Road, Binjiang District, hangzhou, 311121, zhejiang, China. Electronic address: sshan.zhao00@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135198846","display_name":"Xinbo Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-0776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinbo Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing, 400065, China. Electronic address: gaoxb@cqupt.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-0776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing, 400065, China. Electronic address: gaoxb@cqupt.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5135159355","https://openalex.org/A5135198846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5162755,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"202","issue":null,"first_page":"109050","last_page":"109050"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.07769999653100967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.07769999653100967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.05829999968409538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.05609999969601631,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.6830999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.6032999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distillation","display_name":"Distillation","score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3506999909877777}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7013000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6830999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6115000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.6032999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4235999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42096886","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42096886","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313612","display_name":"Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965555277","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2149298154","https://openalex.org/W2803193013","https://openalex.org/W3034368386","https://openalex.org/W4281710448","https://openalex.org/W4285414231","https://openalex.org/W4321483876","https://openalex.org/W4324291273","https://openalex.org/W4372330175","https://openalex.org/W4396767897","https://openalex.org/W4401155273","https://openalex.org/W4401990915","https://openalex.org/W4403877959","https://openalex.org/W4406236659","https://openalex.org/W4408612723","https://openalex.org/W4412708387","https://openalex.org/W4416687466"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T08:10:14.011955","created_date":"2026-05-05T00:00:00"}
