{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160715116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.133904","title":"Sample-based interpretability of softmax neurons via learned prototypes","display_name":"Sample-based interpretability of softmax neurons via learned prototypes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160715116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.133904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2026.133904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.133904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45693802","display_name":"Neurocomputing","issn_l":"0925-2312","issn":["0925-2312","1872-8286"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurocomputing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116406898","display_name":"Mahsa Fazaeli-Javan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-7970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55547365","display_name":"Payame Noor University","ror":"https://ror.org/031699d98","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahsa Fazaeli-Javan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, 19395-4697, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, 19395-4697, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070130628","display_name":"Kamaledin Ghiasi-Shirazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-1820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kamaledin Ghiasi-Shirazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-1820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070130628"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"],"apc_list":{"value":2470,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2470},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90819264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"694","issue":null,"first_page":"133904","last_page":"133904"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.6266999840736389,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.6266999840736389,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.0617000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.061000000685453415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softmax-function","display_name":"Softmax function","score":0.9516000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.934499979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-boundary","display_name":"Decision boundary","score":0.6085000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5428000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5338000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.49630001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.38749998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188441871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554146","display_name":"Softmax function","level":3,"score":0.9516000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.934499979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6280999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.6085000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6085000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5428000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5338000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.49630001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3822999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.35269999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.32359999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21080849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13611879","display_name":"Data point","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019722297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4440864","display_name":"High dimensional","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129782007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162886","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2026.133904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.133904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45693802","display_name":"Neurocomputing","issn_l":"0925-2312","issn":["0925-2312","1872-8286"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurocomputing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7723730206489563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888237669","https://openalex.org/W4407900442","https://openalex.org/W7133522449"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-15T06:05:50.897203","created_date":"2026-05-10T00:00:00"}