{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398194514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","title":"Clustering railway passenger demand patterns from large-scale origin\u2013destination data","display_name":"Clustering railway passenger demand patterns from large-scale origin\u2013destination data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398194514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898188555","display_name":"Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management","issn_l":"2210-9706","issn":["2210-9706","2210-9714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Rail Transport Planning &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098750693","display_name":"Renate J.H. van der Knaap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-2665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renate J.H. van der Knaap","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, Delft, 2600 GA, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-2665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, Delft, 2600 GA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007818395","display_name":"Menno de Bruyn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802430469","display_name":"Nederlandse Spoorwegen","ror":"https://ror.org/01024mn06","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802430469"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Menno de Bruyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Netherlands Railways, P.O. Box 2025, Utrecht, 3500 HA, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netherlands Railways, P.O. Box 2025, Utrecht, 3500 HA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802430469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046118984","display_name":"Niels van Oort","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4519-2013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels van Oort","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, Delft, 2600 GA, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4519-2013","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, Delft, 2600 GA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004204400","display_name":"Dennis Huisman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-658X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802430469","display_name":"Nederlandse Spoorwegen","ror":"https://ror.org/01024mn06","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802430469"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","display_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/057w15z03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Huisman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Econometric Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, 3000 DR, The Netherlands","Netherlands Railways, P.O. Box 2025, Utrecht, 3500 HA, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Econometric Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, 3000 DR, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netherlands Railways, P.O. Box 2025, Utrecht, 3500 HA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802430469"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060145801","display_name":"Rob M.P. Goverde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-4488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob M.P. Goverde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, Delft, 2600 GA, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-4488","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, Delft, 2600 GA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5098750693"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":{"value":2580,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2580},"apc_paid":{"value":2580,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2580},"fwci":3.0604,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89671507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"100452","last_page":"100452"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.8010445237159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.6052338480949402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5899108648300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.5027451515197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4768058955669403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.4760061204433441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4729333221912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.45258697867393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.45239558815956116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thursday","display_name":"Thursday","score":0.4513798952102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.43746018409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2680816650390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2292349636554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.20129308104515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.18997958302497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.12275543808937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09922176599502563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8010445237159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.6052338480949402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5899108648300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.5027451515197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4768058955669403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.4760061204433441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4729333221912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.45258697867393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.45239558815956116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779242764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129","display_name":"Thursday","level":2,"score":0.4513798952102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.43746018409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2680816650390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2292349636554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.20129308104515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.18997958302497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.12275543808937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09922176599502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898188555","display_name":"Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management","issn_l":"2210-9706","issn":["2210-9706","2210-9714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Rail Transport Planning &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.eur.nl:openaire/ed17f4dc-ce3f-4f0b-8fb5-bed799c873ed","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/ed17f4dc-ce3f-4f0b-8fb5-bed799c873ed","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"van der Knaap, R J H, de Bruyn, M, van Oort, N, Huisman, D & Goverde, R M P 2024, 'Clustering railway passenger demand patterns from large-scale origin\u2013destination data', Journal of Rail Transport Planning and Management, vol. 31, 100452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2024.100452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898188555","display_name":"Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management","issn_l":"2210-9706","issn":["2210-9706","2210-9714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Rail Transport Planning &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151025691","https://openalex.org/W1535266518","https://openalex.org/W1572403558","https://openalex.org/W1969230246","https://openalex.org/W1987971958","https://openalex.org/W1992419399","https://openalex.org/W2005231707","https://openalex.org/W2007043321","https://openalex.org/W2039338672","https://openalex.org/W2044985623","https://openalex.org/W2062785849","https://openalex.org/W2065846791","https://openalex.org/W2066168978","https://openalex.org/W2069375342","https://openalex.org/W2104650397","https://openalex.org/W2106402289","https://openalex.org/W2113019421","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2513361716","https://openalex.org/W2605048719","https://openalex.org/W2942082019","https://openalex.org/W3002514025","https://openalex.org/W3195414958","https://openalex.org/W3196057980","https://openalex.org/W3206159369","https://openalex.org/W4220826266","https://openalex.org/W4390430823","https://openalex.org/W6642436378","https://openalex.org/W6809270660"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2251631117","https://openalex.org/W1980293709","https://openalex.org/W2336048791","https://openalex.org/W1503441886","https://openalex.org/W3039519423","https://openalex.org/W2336313320","https://openalex.org/W4245672624","https://openalex.org/W607921681","https://openalex.org/W2340233380","https://openalex.org/W3200375535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Train":[0],"passenger":[1,65,152],"demand":[2,30,38,66],"fluctuates":[3],"throughout":[4],"the":[5,15,29,37,64,99,114,118,125,178],"day.":[6],"In":[7],"order":[8],"to":[9,54,84,105,162,188],"let":[10],"train":[11],"services,":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14,78,164],"line":[16],"plan":[17],"and":[18,33,47,88,101,132,154,158,190],"timetable,":[19],"match":[20],"this":[21],"fluctuating":[22],"demand,":[23],"insights":[24],"are":[25,75,103,146,183],"needed":[26],"into":[27],"how":[28],"is":[31,39,52,67],"changing":[32],"for":[34,56,72,86,94,166],"which":[35,63],"periods":[36,61,70,97,126,140,180],"relatively":[40],"stable.":[41],"Hierarchical":[42],"clustering":[43,82],"on":[44,128,135,142,181],"both":[45],"regular":[46,129,143],"normalized":[48,136],"origin\u2013destination":[49],"(OD)":[50],"data":[51],"used":[53,77],"determine":[55],"each":[57,73],"workday":[58,74],"continuous":[59],"time-of-day":[60],"in":[62,80,117,149],"homogeneous.":[68],"The":[69,92,139],"found":[71],"subsequently":[76],"input":[79,165],"a":[81,106,110,168],"algorithm":[83],"look":[85],"similarities":[87],"differences":[89,123],"between":[90,124],"workdays.":[91],"methods":[93],"finding":[95],"homogeneous":[96],"during":[98],"day":[100],"week":[102],"applied":[104],"case":[107],"study":[108],"covering":[109],"large":[111,122],"part":[112],"of":[113,151,172],"railway":[115],"network":[116],"Netherlands.":[119],"We":[120],"find":[121],"based":[127,134,141],"OD":[130,137,144],"matrices":[131,145],"those":[133],"matrices.":[138],"more":[147,160],"compact":[148],"terms":[150],"volumes":[153],"average":[155],"kms":[156],"travelled":[157],"therefore":[159],"suitable":[161],"use":[163],"designing":[167],"service":[169,197],"plan.":[170,198],"Comparison":[171],"different":[173],"workdays":[174],"shows":[175],"that":[176],"mainly":[177],"peak":[179],"Friday":[182],"far":[184],"away":[185],"from":[186,194],"Monday":[187],"Thursday,":[189],"hence":[191],"could":[192],"benefit":[193],"an":[195],"altered":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
