{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165125135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104548","title":"ELFInsight: Detecting malicious behavior in cross-architecture IoT malware","display_name":"ELFInsight: Detecting malicious behavior in cross-architecture IoT malware","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165125135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191536","display_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","issn_l":"2214-2126","issn":["2214-2126","2214-2134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138953891","display_name":"Naveed Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3520-6815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Naveed Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3520-6815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102832138","display_name":"Mariam Akbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mariam Akbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138938955","display_name":"Zafar Iqbal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zafar Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cyber Security, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences NUCES (FAST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences NUCES (FAST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102832138","https://openalex.org/A5138953891"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"],"apc_list":{"value":3140,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3140},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94627595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":null,"first_page":"104548","last_page":"104548"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.8865000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.8865000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.07900000363588333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.7784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.7296000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/powerpc","display_name":"PowerPC","score":0.5242999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.42730000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4018000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware-analysis","display_name":"Malware analysis","score":0.3953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.38280001282691956}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.7784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.7296000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56005371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209860","display_name":"PowerPC","level":3,"score":0.5242999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.42730000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4018000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779395397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15731404","display_name":"Malware analysis","level":3,"score":0.3953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778579508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722192","display_name":"System call","level":2,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27458966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187693","display_name":"Control flow graph","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254569","display_name":"Backdoor","level":2,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111065885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189053","display_name":"Fuzz testing","level":3,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28180684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4080983","display_name":"Memory safety","level":3,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191536","display_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","issn_l":"2214-2126","issn":["2214-2126","2214-2134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2215444025","https://openalex.org/W2897864851","https://openalex.org/W2911432304","https://openalex.org/W2923563913","https://openalex.org/W2971565213","https://openalex.org/W3000571982","https://openalex.org/W3033777149","https://openalex.org/W3080622597","https://openalex.org/W3082575476","https://openalex.org/W3093415205","https://openalex.org/W3119994573","https://openalex.org/W3181292541","https://openalex.org/W3208554275","https://openalex.org/W4200532403","https://openalex.org/W4244720976","https://openalex.org/W4250645780","https://openalex.org/W4281659734","https://openalex.org/W4364382428","https://openalex.org/W4379879885","https://openalex.org/W4380758140","https://openalex.org/W4398782546","https://openalex.org/W4409426888","https://openalex.org/W4416035928","https://openalex.org/W4417279982"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-20T20:08:15.867695","created_date":"2026-06-19T00:00:00"}
