{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162437653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104509","title":"Secure image encryption with quantum keys and machine-learned S-box","display_name":"Secure image encryption with quantum keys and machine-learned S-box","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162437653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191536","display_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","issn_l":"2214-2126","issn":["2214-2126","2214-2134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137043238","display_name":"Muhammad Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9699-3547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134276161","display_name":"Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4mbk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9699-3547","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137058432","display_name":"Zaheer Asghar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-1759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134276161","display_name":"Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4mbk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zaheer Asghar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Mathematical Sciences, PIEAS, P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan","Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, PIEAS, P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-1759","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Mathematical Sciences, PIEAS, P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, PIEAS, P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103578133","display_name":"Anila Usman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134276161","display_name":"Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4mbk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anila Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0465-3418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5137043238","https://openalex.org/A5137058432"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"],"apc_list":{"value":2860,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2860},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6548569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"100","issue":null,"first_page":"104509","last_page":"104509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7006000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5401999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.37070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-analysis","display_name":"Security analysis","score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-encryption","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","score":0.33660000562667847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7006000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6690999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5401999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.37070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54569210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246854","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","level":3,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99674996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414155","display_name":"Key exchange","level":4,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65302260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327675","display_name":"Symmetric-key algorithm","level":4,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4637271","display_name":"40-bit encryption","level":3,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444882","display_name":"Secure transmission","level":3,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144901912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471906","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.25999999046325684}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2026.104509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191536","display_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","issn_l":"2214-2126","issn":["2214-2126","2214-2134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Security and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4016009569168091,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964602402","https://openalex.org/W2036691397","https://openalex.org/W2040505942","https://openalex.org/W2076510849","https://openalex.org/W2078553675","https://openalex.org/W2120706888","https://openalex.org/W2507650878","https://openalex.org/W2743313705","https://openalex.org/W2765497248","https://openalex.org/W2768939057","https://openalex.org/W2805123356","https://openalex.org/W2964744763","https://openalex.org/W2969555319","https://openalex.org/W3168732511","https://openalex.org/W3193629408","https://openalex.org/W4296143064","https://openalex.org/W4296328984","https://openalex.org/W4323849307","https://openalex.org/W4361279644","https://openalex.org/W4376108162","https://openalex.org/W4381837311","https://openalex.org/W4388039387","https://openalex.org/W4390830964"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-05-27T00:00:00"}