{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163030270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2026.101143","title":"A physics-constrained multimodal LLM for fault diagnosis of pressurized water reactor coolant systems with imbalanced and under-sampled data","display_name":"A physics-constrained multimodal LLM for fault diagnosis of pressurized water reactor coolant systems with imbalanced and under-sampled data","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163030270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2026.101143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jii.2026.101143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2026.101143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898195457","display_name":"Journal of Industrial Information Integration","issn_l":"2452-414X","issn":["2452-414X","2467-964X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Industrial Information Integration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062097395","display_name":"keshun You","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keshun You","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, No.228, Hengyi Road, Steixiang District, Hengyang, 421101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, No.228, Hengyi Road, Steixiang District, Hengyang, 421101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137584195","display_name":"Haidong Shao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haidong Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619475","display_name":"Zhichao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-4914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156189","display_name":"Shanghai Dianji University","ror":"https://ror.org/055fene14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404947","display_name":"Jie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4801-7162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156189","display_name":"Shanghai Dianji University","ror":"https://ror.org/055fene14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083740056","display_name":"Xian Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-2840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118466","display_name":"Beijing Health Vocational College","ror":"https://ror.org/02ggsxt79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118466"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Vocational College of Transport"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Vocational College of Transport","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121977001","display_name":"Yanghui Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181361081","display_name":"Longyan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0483s5p06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181361081"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanghui Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Makeng Mining Co., Ltd, Longyan, 361000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Makeng Mining Co., Ltd, Longyan, 361000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181361081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100633632","display_name":"Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-5359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yajun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, No.228, Hengyi Road, Steixiang District, Hengyang, 421101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, No.228, Hengyi Road, Steixiang District, Hengyang, 421101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100633632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"],"apc_list":{"value":2780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84316914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":null,"first_page":"101143","last_page":"101143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.11209999769926071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.051100000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.7177000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.657800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coolant","display_name":"Coolant","score":0.4307999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-driven","display_name":"Data-driven","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-reactor","display_name":"Nuclear reactor","score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace","display_name":"Aerospace","score":0.34209999442100525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.7177000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.657800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43720000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91914117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056832","display_name":"Coolant","level":2,"score":0.4307999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780440489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227278","display_name":"Data-driven","level":2,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541523362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80877","display_name":"Nuclear reactor","level":2,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167740415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2876213","display_name":"Aerospace","level":2,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780406361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q377968","display_name":"Pressurized water reactor","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.30469998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643012","display_name":"Condition monitoring","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116672817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454986","display_name":"Physical system","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775928411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041312","display_name":"Fault injection","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20740046","display_name":"Calmness","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jii.2026.101143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2026.101143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898195457","display_name":"Journal of Industrial Information Integration","issn_l":"2452-414X","issn":["2452-414X","2467-964X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Industrial Information Integration","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325572","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006090484","https://openalex.org/W2019116338","https://openalex.org/W2076410908","https://openalex.org/W2151753196","https://openalex.org/W2166547175","https://openalex.org/W2171865010","https://openalex.org/W2899283552","https://openalex.org/W2972810968","https://openalex.org/W2982438846","https://openalex.org/W2997699725","https://openalex.org/W3107634555","https://openalex.org/W3119316801","https://openalex.org/W3168539736","https://openalex.org/W4221000446","https://openalex.org/W4280577914","https://openalex.org/W4309189450","https://openalex.org/W4379930959","https://openalex.org/W4381786373","https://openalex.org/W4387623867","https://openalex.org/W4400111791","https://openalex.org/W4401512465","https://openalex.org/W4403417265","https://openalex.org/W4404356490","https://openalex.org/W4408539323","https://openalex.org/W4410430345","https://openalex.org/W4411256274","https://openalex.org/W4411369729","https://openalex.org/W4412573751","https://openalex.org/W4413145166","https://openalex.org/W4414701965","https://openalex.org/W7125924492"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-07T06:13:29.825681","created_date":"2026-06-02T00:00:00"}