{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404499095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","title":"Blockchain sharding scheme based on generative AI and DRL: Applied to building internet of things","display_name":"Blockchain sharding scheme based on generative AI and DRL: Applied to building internet of things","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404499095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180977","display_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems","issn_l":"2667-3452","issn":["2667-3452"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340107","display_name":"Jinlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7104-9579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118987531","display_name":"Anhui Jianzhu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0108wjw08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118987531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building & Building Energy Saving, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, China","Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building & Building Energy Saving, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118987531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459837","display_name":"Yixin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0866-2477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060850662","display_name":"Yunting Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunting Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028419950","display_name":"Wenhu Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhu Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111173400","display_name":"Shangzhuo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6265-3074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangzhuo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058164991","display_name":"Xiaoyun Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9008-4585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118987531","display_name":"Anhui Jianzhu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0108wjw08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118987531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyun Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building & Building Energy Saving, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, China","Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building & Building Energy Saving, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118987531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100340107"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118987531","https://openalex.org/I44468530"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89791965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"333","last_page":"349"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.9226081371307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.8247004151344299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.7385151386260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.654303252696991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5900315046310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4882936477661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.31435078382492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.29205119609832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20502734184265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.055193036794662476}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.9226081371307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.8247004151344299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.7385151386260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.654303252696991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5900315046310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4882936477661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.31435078382492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.29205119609832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20502734184265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.055193036794662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180977","display_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems","issn_l":"2667-3452","issn":["2667-3452"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5f97be3ec42f429d85ecdb44ed4aa195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5f97be3ec42f429d85ecdb44ed4aa195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems, Vol 4, Iss , Pp 333-349 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2024.11.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180977","display_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems","issn_l":"2667-3452","issn":["2667-3452"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2535104337","https://openalex.org/W2794533297","https://openalex.org/W2897676665","https://openalex.org/W2913127416","https://openalex.org/W2913226484","https://openalex.org/W2982468232","https://openalex.org/W3004153124","https://openalex.org/W3032330964","https://openalex.org/W3039152299","https://openalex.org/W3047676083","https://openalex.org/W3082096568","https://openalex.org/W3082393118","https://openalex.org/W3209435229","https://openalex.org/W4212785766","https://openalex.org/W4213076274","https://openalex.org/W4213213499","https://openalex.org/W4285607752","https://openalex.org/W4294690802","https://openalex.org/W4306292967","https://openalex.org/W4313202117","https://openalex.org/W4313477550","https://openalex.org/W4318065346","https://openalex.org/W4365142769","https://openalex.org/W4366979320","https://openalex.org/W4380987486","https://openalex.org/W4383899670","https://openalex.org/W4385789965","https://openalex.org/W4391542833","https://openalex.org/W4396598325","https://openalex.org/W4399527299","https://openalex.org/W4399915757","https://openalex.org/W4402594626","https://openalex.org/W6728685992","https://openalex.org/W6750082543","https://openalex.org/W6764251360","https://openalex.org/W6769784782","https://openalex.org/W6778995209","https://openalex.org/W6781369349","https://openalex.org/W6782520466","https://openalex.org/W6801695523","https://openalex.org/W6839891951","https://openalex.org/W6849237725","https://openalex.org/W6872650840"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"applying":[1],"blockchain":[2,80,107,158],"sharding":[3,81,108,159],"technology":[4],"in":[5,79,94],"the":[6,15,19,45,53,61,76,113,138,143,157,163,180,190,197],"building":[7],"Internet":[8],"of":[9,18,156,165,192],"Things":[10],"(IoT)":[11],"domain":[12],"to":[13,71,123,172,177],"enhance":[14,179],"throughput":[16],"performance":[17],"blockchain,":[20],"cross-shard":[21,193],"transactions":[22,194],"triggered":[23],"by":[24],"device":[25],"collaborative":[26],"tasks":[27],"have":[28],"increasingly":[29],"become":[30],"a":[31,106,116,146],"prominent":[32],"issue.":[33],"Existing":[34],"solutions":[35],"base":[36],"their":[37],"shard":[38,134],"division":[39,135],"on":[40,86,137],"historical":[41,54],"transaction":[42,49],"moments,":[43],"using":[44],"outcomes":[46],"for":[47,153],"future":[48,125],"processing.":[50],"However,":[51],"since":[52],"interaction":[55,62,127,140],"characteristics":[56],"do":[57],"not":[58],"accurately":[59],"reflect":[60],"details":[63],"within":[64],"specific":[65],"fine-grained":[66],"time":[67],"periods,":[68],"this":[69,103],"leads":[70],"poor":[72],"system":[73,96,114,144],"performance.":[74,97],"Additionally,":[75],"parameter":[77],"configuration":[78],"systems":[82],"is":[83],"mostly":[84],"based":[85,136],"arbitrary":[87],"or":[88],"default":[89],"settings,":[90],"which":[91],"also":[92],"results":[93,184],"unstable":[95],"To":[98],"address":[99],"these":[100],"two":[101],"challenges,":[102],"paper":[104],"proposes":[105],"scheme":[109],"called":[110],"AI-Shard.":[111],"Firstly,":[112],"includes":[115],"module,":[117,149],"G-AI,":[118],"that":[119,186],"utilizes":[120],"generative":[121],"AI":[122],"predict":[124],"node":[126],"relationships,":[128],"enabling":[129],"more":[130],"proactive":[131],"and":[132,169,195],"adaptive":[133],"predicted":[139],"matrix.":[141],"Secondly,":[142],"integrates":[145],"reinforcement":[147],"learning":[148],"DL-AI,":[150],"specifically":[151],"tailored":[152],"configuring":[154],"parameters":[155],"system,":[160],"such":[161],"as":[162],"number":[164],"shards,":[166],"block":[167,170],"size,":[168],"interval,":[171],"automatically":[173],"optimize":[174],"them,":[175],"aiming":[176],"further":[178],"system's":[181,198],"throughput.":[182,199],"Experimental":[183],"show":[185],"AI-Shard":[187],"can":[188],"reduce":[189],"proportion":[191],"improve":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-01-19T04:01:09.351973","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
