{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399693817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","title":"Product managers in software startups: A grounded theory","display_name":"Product managers in software startups: A grounded theory","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399693817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205010575","display_name":"Information and Software Technology","issn_l":"0950-5849","issn":["0950-5849","1873-6025"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Software Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017524374","display_name":"Jorge Melegati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1303-4173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Melegati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1303-4173","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060903936","display_name":"Igor Wiese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-5570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283613182","display_name":"Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/002v2kq79","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Wiese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technological University of Parana (UTFPR), Campo Mour\u00e3o, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technological University of Parana (UTFPR), Campo Mour\u00e3o, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020626372","display_name":"Eduardo Guerra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5555-3487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Guerra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065097740","display_name":"Rafael Chanin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6293-7419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45643870","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/025vmq686","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Chanin","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024379735","display_name":"Abdullah Aldaeej","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6405-1750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76571253","display_name":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/038cy8j79","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Aldaeej","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074223722","display_name":"Tommi Mikkonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-9918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","display_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3dz165","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommi Mikkonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024645888","display_name":"Rafael Prikladnicki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-4916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45643870","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/025vmq686","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Prikladnicki","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100685703","display_name":"Xiaofeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8134-0917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017524374"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"fwci":3.73,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93763727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"174","issue":null,"first_page":"107516","last_page":"107516"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grounded-theory","display_name":"Grounded theory","score":0.7032840251922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5795516967773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5115535855293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5048750042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"New product development","score":0.41956573724746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3834453523159027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3575171232223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.30108803510665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.26880884170532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.19249576330184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10810956358909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08405512571334839}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.7032840251922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5795516967773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5115535855293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5048750042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.41956573724746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3834453523159027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3575171232223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.30108803510665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.26880884170532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.19249576330184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10810956358909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08405512571334839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205010575","display_name":"Information and Software Technology","issn_l":"0950-5849","issn":["0950-5849","1873-6025"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Software Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jyx.jyu.fi:123456789/96194","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406275036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400563","display_name":"Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Digital Archive (University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","host_organization_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"A1"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unibz.it:11319726650001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950584924001216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205010575","display_name":"Information and Software Technology","issn_l":"0950-5849","issn":["0950-5849","1873-6025"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information and Software Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":106,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113044168","https://openalex.org/W575598456","https://openalex.org/W1580022002","https://openalex.org/W1968043675","https://openalex.org/W1979416812","https://openalex.org/W1989763720","https://openalex.org/W2028014515","https://openalex.org/W2033167512","https://openalex.org/W2036625200","https://openalex.org/W2044239701","https://openalex.org/W2061928694","https://openalex.org/W2064893403","https://openalex.org/W2101743714","https://openalex.org/W2114778003","https://openalex.org/W2117604444","https://openalex.org/W2120691048","https://openalex.org/W2146691185","https://openalex.org/W2150145237","https://openalex.org/W2171273353","https://openalex.org/W2270985711","https://openalex.org/W2308158103","https://openalex.org/W2345039647","https://openalex.org/W2529495927","https://openalex.org/W2539716950","https://openalex.org/W2583209614","https://openalex.org/W2598457223","https://openalex.org/W2735601500","https://openalex.org/W2735864825","https://openalex.org/W2751936342","https://openalex.org/W2804928708","https://openalex.org/W2809034995","https://openalex.org/W2888929421","https://openalex.org/W2893989659","https://openalex.org/W2900414111","https://openalex.org/W2911468826","https://openalex.org/W2912296587","https://openalex.org/W2914098874","https://openalex.org/W2915378823","https://openalex.org/W2946023400","https://openalex.org/W3006568433","https://openalex.org/W3022607203","https://openalex.org/W3043477063","https://openalex.org/W3049038801","https://openalex.org/W3082100584","https://openalex.org/W3095914928","https://openalex.org/W3100953442","https://openalex.org/W3108239695","https://openalex.org/W3111324602","https://openalex.org/W3121634749","https://openalex.org/W3122482990","https://openalex.org/W3123449953","https://openalex.org/W3129903720","https://openalex.org/W3130206026","https://openalex.org/W3134402730","https://openalex.org/W3136800882","https://openalex.org/W3141666254","https://openalex.org/W3164080154","https://openalex.org/W3170490302","https://openalex.org/W3199338376","https://openalex.org/W4210934685","https://openalex.org/W4226134286","https://openalex.org/W4236859607","https://openalex.org/W4238646021","https://openalex.org/W4243439961","https://openalex.org/W4246553962","https://openalex.org/W4256667233","https://openalex.org/W4280635698","https://openalex.org/W4281780958","https://openalex.org/W4291213652","https://openalex.org/W4299603851","https://openalex.org/W4300579240","https://openalex.org/W4365799997","https://openalex.org/W6603235833","https://openalex.org/W6604559788","https://openalex.org/W6629538277","https://openalex.org/W6640396773","https://openalex.org/W6655620217","https://openalex.org/W6668809605","https://openalex.org/W6676702546","https://openalex.org/W6681674495","https://openalex.org/W6705837986","https://openalex.org/W6727729327","https://openalex.org/W6741884226","https://openalex.org/W6745400214","https://openalex.org/W6749683885","https://openalex.org/W6749925942","https://openalex.org/W6752277943","https://openalex.org/W6754752432","https://openalex.org/W6755851548","https://openalex.org/W6756139304","https://openalex.org/W6759273973","https://openalex.org/W6762678456","https://openalex.org/W6765036178","https://openalex.org/W6766777816","https://openalex.org/W6773798461","https://openalex.org/W6774920803","https://openalex.org/W6781206262","https://openalex.org/W6782415989","https://openalex.org/W6792229611","https://openalex.org/W6800834964","https://openalex.org/W6807887649","https://openalex.org/W6808162748","https://openalex.org/W6811089952","https://openalex.org/W6825996358","https://openalex.org/W6838162834","https://openalex.org/W6838534369"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546533203","https://openalex.org/W2054080977","https://openalex.org/W1511554945","https://openalex.org/W2015439768","https://openalex.org/W4232197648","https://openalex.org/W2136125692","https://openalex.org/W80701924","https://openalex.org/W2003455443","https://openalex.org/W2897855357","https://openalex.org/W2051985452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Defining":[0],"and":[1,67,99,142,162,224,241],"designing":[2],"a":[3,9,14,89,108,124,129,151,159,215],"software":[4,57,85,135,206,229,245],"product":[5,37,79,105,116],"is":[6,21,54,171],"not":[7,112],"merely":[8],"technical":[10],"endeavor,":[11],"but":[12,121,158],"also":[13,122,174],"socio-technical":[15],"journey.":[16],"As":[17],"such,":[18],"its":[19,119],"success":[20],"associated":[22],"with":[23,137],"human-related":[24],"aspects,":[25],"such":[26,196],"as":[27,107,123,197],"the":[28,36,76,82,104,115,168,201,211,225,233,239],"value":[29],"users":[30],"perceive.":[31],"To":[32],"handle":[33],"this":[34,148,179,219],"issue,":[35],"manager":[38,106],"role":[39,77,149,180,202,220],"has":[40,150],"become":[41],"more":[42],"evident":[43],"in":[44,81,128,153,187,204,238],"software-intensive":[45],"companies.":[46],"A":[47],"unique,":[48],"challenging":[49],"context":[50,83],"for":[51,65,194],"these":[52,156],"professionals":[53],"constituted":[55],"by":[56,117,231],"startups,":[58,207],"emerging":[59],"companies":[60],"developing":[61,118],"novel":[62],"solutions":[63],"looking":[64],"sustainable":[66],"scalable":[68],"business":[69,141],"models.":[70],"This":[71],"study":[72,93],"aims":[73],"to":[74,181,213,218],"describe":[75,103,175],"of":[78,84,134,155,164,167,178,200,227,235,243],"managers":[80],"startups.":[86],"We":[87,173],"performed":[88],"Socio-Technical":[90],"Grounded":[91],"Theory":[92],"using":[94],"data":[95],"from":[96],"blog":[97],"posts":[98],"interviews.":[100],"The":[101,145],"results":[102],"multidisciplinary,":[109],"general":[110],"role,":[111],"only":[113],"guiding":[114],"vision":[120],"connector":[125],"that":[126],"emerges":[127],"growing":[130,205],"company,":[131],"enabling":[132],"communication":[133],"development":[136],"other":[138,169,182],"areas,":[139],"mainly":[140],"user":[143],"experience.":[144],"professional":[146,216],"performing":[147],"background":[152],"one":[154],"areas":[157,170],"broad":[160],"knowledge":[161],"understanding":[163,199],"key":[165],"concepts":[166],"needed.":[172],"how":[176],"differences":[177],"lead":[183],"roles":[184],"are":[185],"perceived":[186],"practice.":[188],"Our":[189],"findings":[190],"represent":[191],"several":[192],"implications":[193],"research,":[195],"better":[198],"transformation":[203],"practice,":[208],"e.g.,":[209],"identifying":[210],"points":[212],"which":[214],"migrating":[217],"should":[221],"pay":[222],"attention,":[223],"education":[226,240],"future":[228,244],"developers,":[230],"suggesting":[232],"inclusion":[234],"related":[236],"topics":[237],"training":[242],"engineers.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2024-06-15T00:00:00"}