{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163748932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","title":"Multi-site health research integrating complementary data sources: A scoping review of statistical inference methods for vertically partitioned data","display_name":"Multi-site health research integrating complementary data sources: A scoping review of statistical inference methods for vertically partitioned data","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163748932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42275911"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53142634","display_name":"International Journal of Medical Informatics","issn_l":"1386-5056","issn":["1386-5056","1872-8243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053663927","display_name":"Marie\u2010Pier Domingue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2582-6071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]}],"countries":["CA","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie-Pier Domingue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut Imagine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut Imagine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138035283","display_name":"Simon L\u00e9vesque","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]}],"countries":["CA","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon L\u00e9vesque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut Imagine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut Imagine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138068832","display_name":"Anita Burgun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086369","display_name":"Institut Necker Enfants Malades","ror":"https://ror.org/000nhq538","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210086369","https://openalex.org/I4210096427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anita Burgun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Imagine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France; Department of Medical Informatics, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Imagine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France; Department of Medical Informatics, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210086369","https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138065157","display_name":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Ethier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Ethier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Health Data Research Network Canada; D\u00e9partement de m\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada. Electronic address: jean-francois.ethier@usherbrooke.ca"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Health Data Research Network Canada; D\u00e9partement de m\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada. Electronic address: jean-francois.ethier@usherbrooke.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013401356","display_name":"F\u00e9lix Camirand Lemyre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-2729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F\u00e9lix Camirand Lemyre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Health Data Research Network Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la sant\u00e9 (GRIIS), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Health Data Research Network Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5138065157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"],"apc_list":{"value":3210,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3210},"apc_paid":{"value":3210,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3210},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83423322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"218","issue":null,"first_page":"106535","last_page":"106535"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.09640000015497208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.09640000015497208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.06129999831318855,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.05530000105500221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-inference","display_name":"Statistical inference","score":0.498199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-data","display_name":"Health data","score":0.4081000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-analysis","display_name":"Statistical analysis","score":0.319599986076355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6887999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5346999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134261354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical inference","level":2,"score":0.498199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017977704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18745135","display_name":"Health data","level":3,"score":0.4081000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780433410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276090","display_name":"Digital health","level":3,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000098971","descriptor_name":"Data Analytics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003219","descriptor_name":"Confidentiality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53142634","display_name":"International Journal of Medical Informatics","issn_l":"1386-5056","issn":["1386-5056","1872-8243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42275911","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42275911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of medical informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53142634","display_name":"International Journal of Medical Informatics","issn_l":"1386-5056","issn":["1386-5056","1872-8243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334618","display_name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Sant\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02eqrsj93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488526968","https://openalex.org/W1510952750","https://openalex.org/W1515459079","https://openalex.org/W1516007229","https://openalex.org/W1975675278","https://openalex.org/W1987370865","https://openalex.org/W2013078372","https://openalex.org/W2030826709","https://openalex.org/W2041168962","https://openalex.org/W2045597647","https://openalex.org/W2075950485","https://openalex.org/W2127430142","https://openalex.org/W2145029920","https://openalex.org/W2167671703","https://openalex.org/W2249520589","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2508900740","https://openalex.org/W2513639226","https://openalex.org/W2565712369","https://openalex.org/W2589394535","https://openalex.org/W2613563955","https://openalex.org/W2803692993","https://openalex.org/W2886885018","https://openalex.org/W2891378911","https://openalex.org/W2901669506","https://openalex.org/W2951635356","https://openalex.org/W2951936974","https://openalex.org/W2964294215","https://openalex.org/W2980102271","https://openalex.org/W3017915781","https://openalex.org/W3110138363","https://openalex.org/W3135041378","https://openalex.org/W3169231731","https://openalex.org/W3205103682","https://openalex.org/W3212614748","https://openalex.org/W4214580054","https://openalex.org/W4220688658","https://openalex.org/W4220754931","https://openalex.org/W4283822087","https://openalex.org/W4295951577","https://openalex.org/W4308346016","https://openalex.org/W4310422013","https://openalex.org/W4391250546","https://openalex.org/W4391583906","https://openalex.org/W4392913518","https://openalex.org/W4399671137","https://openalex.org/W4407152314","https://openalex.org/W4407480078","https://openalex.org/W4411530865","https://openalex.org/W4412415311","https://openalex.org/W4412523007","https://openalex.org/W4416719231"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"OBJECTIVES:":[2],"To":[3,56],"address":[4],"the":[5,31,93,100,125,136,172,183,186,191,203,242],"multidimensional":[6],"nature":[7],"of":[8,34,65,96,103,127,140,174,249,281],"health-related":[9],"questions,":[10],"advances":[11],"in":[12,171,198],"health":[13,70,107,160,179,236],"research":[14],"often":[15],"require":[16],"integrating":[17],"information":[18,28],"from":[19],"various":[20],"data":[21,258],"sources":[22],"within":[23],"statistical":[24,82,194,253],"analyses.":[25],"When":[26],"complementary":[27],"pertaining":[29],"to":[30,46,75,133,153,240,272],"same":[32],"set":[33],"individuals":[35],"are":[36],"distributed":[37],"across":[38],"different":[39],"institutions,":[40],"vertical":[41,66,79,129],"methods":[42,67,80,98,130,212,265],"make":[43],"it":[44],"possible":[45],"obtain":[47],"analysis":[48],"results":[49,270],"without":[50],"sharing":[51],"or":[52],"pooling":[53],"individual-level":[54,282],"data.":[55,108,161,283],"guide":[57],"stakeholders":[58],"toward":[59],"a":[60,112,176,228],"transparent":[61],"and":[62,87,90,99,143,185,210,278],"rigorous":[63],"use":[64,105,243],"with":[68,106,131,135,202],"sensitive":[69],"data,":[71],"this":[72],"study":[73],"aims":[74],"(1)":[76],"Identify":[77],"existing":[78,250,264],"enabling":[81,252],"inference":[83,195,254],"(confidence":[84],"interval":[85],"estimation":[86],"hypothesis":[88],"testing);":[89],"(2)":[91],"Characterize":[92],"methodological":[94],"properties":[95],"these":[97,244],"current":[101],"extent":[102],"their":[104,223],"METHODS:":[109],"We":[110,121,145],"conducted":[111],"scoping":[113],"review":[114],"following":[115],"PRISMA-ScR":[116],"using":[117],"four":[118],"interdisciplinary":[119],"databases.":[120],"then":[122],"systematically":[123,208],"extracted":[124],"characteristics":[126],"identified":[128],"respect":[132],"comparability":[134],"pooled":[137,204],"analysis,":[138],"efficiency":[139],"communication":[141,276],"schemes":[142],"confidentiality.":[144],"additionally":[146],"screened":[147],"studies":[148,237],"that":[149],"cited":[150],"included":[151,170],"articles":[152,165,221],"identify":[154],"applications":[155],"on":[156],"vertically":[157,256],"partitioned":[158,257],"real-world":[159],"RESULTS:":[162],"Among":[163],"2887":[164],"initially":[166],"screened,":[167],"30":[168],"were":[169,190,238],"review,":[173],"which":[175],"majority":[177],"mentioned":[178],"analytics.":[180],"Inference":[181],"for":[182,255],"linear":[184],"logistic":[187],"regression":[188],"framework":[189],"most":[192,211],"frequent":[193],"tasks":[196],"undertaken":[197],"proposed":[199],"methods.":[200,245],"Equivalence":[201],"analyses":[205],"was":[206],"not":[207,267],"addressed":[209],"required":[213],"multiple":[214],"communications":[215],"between":[216],"participating":[217],"parties.":[218],"Almost":[219],"all":[220],"described":[222],"approach":[224],"as":[225],"privacy-preserving,":[226],"although":[227],"minority":[229],"provided":[230],"privacy":[231],"assessments.":[232],"Very":[233],"few":[234],"published":[235],"found":[239],"report":[241],"CONCLUSION:":[246],"The":[247],"scope":[248],"approaches":[251],"is":[259],"still":[260],"relatively":[261],"limited.":[262],"Most":[263],"do":[266],"concurrently":[268],"achieve":[269],"equivalent":[271],"centralized":[273],"analyses,":[274],"high":[275],"efficiency,":[277],"guaranteed":[279],"protection":[280]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-29T08:53:18.405633","created_date":"2026-06-07T00:00:00"}