{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407622892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","title":"FedViTBloc: Secure and privacy-enhanced medical image analysis with federated vision transformer and blockchain","display_name":"FedViTBloc: Secure and privacy-enhanced medical image analysis with federated vision transformer and blockchain","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407622892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186527","display_name":"High-Confidence Computing","issn_l":"2667-2952","issn":["2667-2952"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"High-Confidence Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067772758","display_name":"Gabriel Chukwunonso Amaizu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5783-0553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Chukwunonso Amaizu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Twin Research Group, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson 21252, USA","IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5783-0553","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Twin Research Group, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson 21252, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037713610","display_name":"Akshita Maradapu Vera Venkata Sai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Akshita Maradapu Vera Venkata Sai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Twin Research Group, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson 21252, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-7043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Twin Research Group, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson 21252, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sanjay Bhardwaj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Bhardwaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102829948","display_name":"Dong\u2010Seong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-5964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Seong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-5964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062962146","display_name":"Madhuri Siddula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-1679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","ror":"https://ror.org/04fnxsj42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35777872","display_name":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aze4h65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madhuri Siddula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical University, Greensboro 27411, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-1679","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical University, Greensboro 27411, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872","https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046635673","display_name":"Yingshu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1906-7112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingshu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1906-7112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037713610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"fwci":3.6659,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93101336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"100302","last_page":"100302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.97218918800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5521414279937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5498367547988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"Privacy protection","score":0.5086546540260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4236275553703308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.97218918800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5521414279937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5498367547988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.5086546540260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4236275553703308}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186527","display_name":"High-Confidence Computing","issn_l":"2667-2952","issn":["2667-2952"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"High-Confidence Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3d155eac05ab419dbc9d4ea090e87ea8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3d155eac05ab419dbc9d4ea090e87ea8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"High-Confidence Computing, Vol 5, Iss 3, Pp 100302- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcc.2025.100302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186527","display_name":"High-Confidence Computing","issn_l":"2667-2952","issn":["2667-2952"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"High-Confidence Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2644247328","display_name":"Excellence in Research: Privacy preserved data fusion for personalized recommendation in an Edge-assisted IoT smart health network","funder_award_id":"2200673","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3149543891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2022-2020-0-01612","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6134186661","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018R1A6A1A03024003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311747","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322349","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W229539680","https://openalex.org/W2053637704","https://openalex.org/W2405976160","https://openalex.org/W2802925146","https://openalex.org/W2907683311","https://openalex.org/W2920733725","https://openalex.org/W2922703796","https://openalex.org/W2969971691","https://openalex.org/W3016632787","https://openalex.org/W3120934400","https://openalex.org/W3123459983","https://openalex.org/W3135686383","https://openalex.org/W3147142721","https://openalex.org/W4213019189","https://openalex.org/W4281485012","https://openalex.org/W4283837671","https://openalex.org/W4292148537","https://openalex.org/W4292347945","https://openalex.org/W4293030607","https://openalex.org/W4296761348","https://openalex.org/W4309080560","https://openalex.org/W4352977741","https://openalex.org/W4360994757","https://openalex.org/W4377971222","https://openalex.org/W4383710235","https://openalex.org/W4385776221","https://openalex.org/W4388145633","https://openalex.org/W4388459526","https://openalex.org/W6713433463","https://openalex.org/W6727277121","https://openalex.org/W6797043340","https://openalex.org/W6809788415","https://openalex.org/W6842244172","https://openalex.org/W6851215048","https://openalex.org/W6851603014","https://openalex.org/W6858258512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2953707841","https://openalex.org/W4403547452","https://openalex.org/W1496791764","https://openalex.org/W4318485713","https://openalex.org/W2740319091","https://openalex.org/W4225340788","https://openalex.org/W33899462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,145],"increasing":[1],"prevalence":[2],"of":[3,32,50,73,190,202,209],"cancer":[4],"necessitates":[5],"advanced":[6],"methodologies":[7],"for":[8,17,103,129],"early":[9],"detection":[10],"and":[11,21,42,68,100,113,126,142,152,158,188,198,223,233],"diagnosis.":[12],"Early":[13],"intervention":[14],"is":[15],"crucial":[16],"improving":[18],"patient":[19,40,111,149],"outcomes":[20],"reducing":[22,224],"the":[23,48,71,95,186,191,207],"overall":[24],"burden":[25],"on":[26],"healthcare":[27],"systems.":[28],"Traditional":[29],"centralized":[30],"methods":[31,59],"medical":[33,91,130,169,212],"image":[34,92,131,213],"analysis":[35,132,214],"pose":[36],"significant":[37],"risks":[38],"to":[39,65,97,115],"privacy":[41,151,160,218],"data":[43,66,117,150],"security,":[44],"as":[45],"they":[46],"require":[47],"aggregation":[49],"sensitive":[51],"information":[52],"in":[53,80,89,109,211],"a":[54,124,164,174],"single":[55],"location.":[56],"Furthermore,":[57],"these":[58,105],"often":[60],"suffer":[61],"from":[62],"limitations":[63],"related":[64],"diversity":[67],"scalability,":[69],"hindering":[70],"development":[72],"universally":[74],"robust":[75,175],"diagnostic":[76],"models.":[77],"Recent":[78],"advancements":[79],"machine":[81],"learning,":[82,85],"particularly":[83],"deep":[84],"have":[86],"shown":[87],"promise":[88],"enhancing":[90],"analysis.":[93],"However,":[94],"need":[96],"access":[98],"large":[99],"diverse":[101],"datasets":[102],"training":[104],"models":[106],"introduces":[107,122],"challenges":[108],"maintaining":[110,216],"confidentiality":[112],"adhering":[114],"strict":[116],"protection":[118],"regulations.":[119],"This":[120],"paper":[121],"FedViTBloc,":[123],"secure":[125,200],"privacy-enhanced":[127],"framework":[128],"utilizing":[133],"Federated":[134],"Learning":[135],"(FL)":[136],"combined":[137],"with":[138],"Vision":[139],"Transformers":[140],"(ViT)":[141],"blockchain":[143],"technology.":[144],"proposed":[146],"system":[147],"ensures":[148],"security":[153,187],"through":[154],"fully":[155],"homomorphic":[156],"encryption":[157],"differential":[159],"techniques.":[161],"By":[162],"employing":[163],"decentralized":[165],"FL":[166,192],"approach,":[167],"multiple":[168],"institutions":[170],"can":[171],"collaboratively":[172],"train":[173],"deep-learning":[176],"model":[177],"without":[178],"sharing":[179],"raw":[180],"data.":[181],"Blockchain":[182],"integration":[183],"further":[184],"enhances":[185],"trustworthiness":[189],"process":[193],"by":[194],"managing":[195],"client":[196],"registration":[197],"ensuring":[199,231],"onboarding":[201],"participants.":[203],"Experimental":[204],"results":[205],"demonstrate":[206],"effectiveness":[208],"FedViTBloc":[210],"while":[215],"stringent":[217],"standards,":[219],"achieving":[220],"67%":[221],"accuracy":[222],"loss":[225],"below":[226],"2":[227],"across":[228],"10":[229],"clients,":[230],"scalability":[232],"robustness.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-01-19T04:01:09.351973","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
