{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173594429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","title":"Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan","display_name":"Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173594429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","mag":"3173594429","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34695600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155547894","display_name":"Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1672-0229","issn":["1672-0229","2210-3244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109488866","display_name":"Shuhui Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-8770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuhui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-8770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619233","display_name":"Cuiping Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7144-7745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cuiping Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7144-7745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101574921","display_name":"Lu Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-9424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-9424","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033900548","display_name":"Dongmei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-625X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongmei Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-625X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070536411","display_name":"Nazish Badar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2329-7877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164268","display_name":"National Institute of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1kgg64","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazish Badar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2329-7877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030435624","display_name":"Wentai Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1931-8687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentai Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1931-8687","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010821321","display_name":"Shilei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-1322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-1322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101752711","display_name":"Xuan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-3717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-3717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367583","display_name":"Chun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-6055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-6055","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082138208","display_name":"Yongqiao Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6864-306X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqiao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6864-306X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408993","display_name":"Wenjie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3811-4970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3811-4970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101944414","display_name":"Lei Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-3837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-3837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101613122","display_name":"Shuangli Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-0884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangli Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-0884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047189881","display_name":"Qiuhui Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-5801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuhui Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-5801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000297555","display_name":"Aamer Ikram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-750X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164268","display_name":"National Institute of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1kgg64","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aamer Ikram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-750X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100783027","display_name":"Muhammad Salman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-2461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164268","display_name":"National Institute of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1kgg64","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Salman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-2461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066756633","display_name":"Massab Umair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-8467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164268","display_name":"National Institute of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1kgg64","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massab Umair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-8467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Virology and Immunology, National Institute of Health , Islamabad 45500 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053888462","display_name":"Huma Shireen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-2958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huma Shireen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Bioinformatics, Programme of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-2958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Bioinformatics, Programme of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101697967","display_name":"Fatima Batool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-9701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatima Batool","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Bioinformatics, Programme of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-9701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Bioinformatics, Programme of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389676","display_name":"Bing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-116X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100380230","display_name":"Hua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-6561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650223 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-6561","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650223 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052037541","display_name":"Yun\u2010Gui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-8541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun-Gui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-8541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000616285","display_name":"Amir Ali Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4556-8129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amir Ali Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Bioinformatics, Programme of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4556-8129","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Bioinformatics, Programme of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101753481","display_name":"Mingkun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-1172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingkun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650223 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-1172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650223 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035259297","display_name":"Yongbiao Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-8472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124606","display_name":"Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology","ror":"https://ror.org/02aee5m12","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210124606"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongbiao Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-8472","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210124606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075882065","display_name":"Y\u012bm\u00edng B\u00e0o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-9723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801577699","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Genomics","ror":"https://ror.org/049gn7z52","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-9723","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Center for Bioinformation , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801577699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000616285","https://openalex.org/A5035259297","https://openalex.org/A5075882065","https://openalex.org/A5101753481"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2801577699","https://openalex.org/I4210124606","https://openalex.org/I4210162648","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"fwci":0.9291,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77873575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"727","last_page":"740"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.6435154676437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemiology","display_name":"Epidemiology","score":0.5607657432556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5506212711334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.5039758086204529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","score":0.49735477566719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.48013779520988464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.44736599922180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-epidemiology","display_name":"Molecular epidemiology","score":0.43144920468330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-virus","display_name":"Sars virus","score":0.4226617217063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.4101375937461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.4003751873970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.20270848274230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.1550273895263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotype","display_name":"Genotype","score":0.1548052728176117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outbreak","display_name":"Outbreak","score":0.12799441814422607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.08624511957168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.06914582848548889}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.6435154676437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.5607657432556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5506212711334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5039758086204529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.49735477566719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.48013779520988464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.44736599922180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97669555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118435","display_name":"Molecular epidemiology","level":4,"score":0.43144920468330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020799909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85438966","display_name":"Sars virus","level":5,"score":0.4226617217063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.4101375937461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4003751873970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20270848274230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.1550273895263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.1548052728176117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.12799441814422607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.08624511957168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.06914582848548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016679","descriptor_name":"Genome, Viral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016679","descriptor_name":"Genome, Viral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016679","descriptor_name":"Genome, Viral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155547894","display_name":"Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1672-0229","issn":["1672-0229","2210-3244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34695600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34695600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8546014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8546014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155547894","display_name":"Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1672-0229","issn":["1672-0229","2210-3244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1773772092","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFE0206600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2059041910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","funder_display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G227553515","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFC0863300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2482832734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82161148009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3282262548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFC0848900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/031141b54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976447562","https://openalex.org/W2036897871","https://openalex.org/W2094189284","https://openalex.org/W2096525273","https://openalex.org/W2103441770","https://openalex.org/W2108234281","https://openalex.org/W2111647009","https://openalex.org/W2119180969","https://openalex.org/W2417483443","https://openalex.org/W2587970647","https://openalex.org/W2605343262","https://openalex.org/W2937788785","https://openalex.org/W2938574745","https://openalex.org/W3001195213","https://openalex.org/W3003217347","https://openalex.org/W3003990157","https://openalex.org/W3005235420","https://openalex.org/W3009109635","https://openalex.org/W3010020071","https://openalex.org/W3010373510","https://openalex.org/W3017452948","https://openalex.org/W3024308493","https://openalex.org/W3025024294","https://openalex.org/W3039901154","https://openalex.org/W3041484742","https://openalex.org/W3043124965","https://openalex.org/W3047034864","https://openalex.org/W3047457453","https://openalex.org/W3093112819","https://openalex.org/W3093768302","https://openalex.org/W3100626726","https://openalex.org/W3102798166","https://openalex.org/W3105980255","https://openalex.org/W3106080072","https://openalex.org/W3106120778","https://openalex.org/W3111019319","https://openalex.org/W3111336046","https://openalex.org/W3113418104","https://openalex.org/W3121098878","https://openalex.org/W3126935956","https://openalex.org/W3175812678","https://openalex.org/W3194665116","https://openalex.org/W4247001379","https://openalex.org/W4309908811","https://openalex.org/W6774101627"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404084015","https://openalex.org/W3156916261","https://openalex.org/W3092656880","https://openalex.org/W3214333824","https://openalex.org/W4206249207","https://openalex.org/W3015777742","https://openalex.org/W4256095626","https://openalex.org/W3209591042","https://openalex.org/W3165952552","https://openalex.org/W3013867929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"COVID-19":[0,29,199],"has":[1,177],"swept":[2],"globally":[3],"and":[4,14,32,127,136,184,194,198],"Pakistan":[5,31,91,126],"is":[6],"no":[7],"exception.":[8],"To":[9],"investigate":[10],"the":[11,17,23,87,96,141,170,179],"initial":[12],"introductions":[13,161,183],"transmissions":[15,185],"of":[16,28,53,58,74,86,115,125,140,154,165,182,186],"SARS-CoV-2":[18,36,187],"in":[19,30,62,90,95,152,188],"Pakistan,":[20,189],"we":[21,65],"performed":[22],"largest":[24,112],"genomic":[25,104],"epidemiology":[26,105],"study":[27,176],"generated":[33],"150":[34],"complete":[35],"genome":[37],"sequences":[38],"from":[39,42,121],"samples":[40],"collected":[41],"March":[43],"16":[44],"to":[45,147],"June":[46],"1,":[47],"2020.":[48],"We":[49],"identified":[50],"a":[51,129,148],"total":[52],"347":[54],"mutated":[55],"positions,":[56],"31":[57],"which":[59,118,166,190],"were":[60,92,119,162],"over-represented":[61],"Pakistan.":[63],"Meanwhile,":[64],"found":[66],"over":[67],"1000":[68],"intra-host":[69],"single-nucleotide":[70],"variants":[71],"(iSNVs).":[72],"Several":[73],"them":[75,82],"occurred":[76],"concurrently,":[77],"indicating":[78,133],"possible":[79,180],"interactions":[80],"among":[81],"or":[83],"coevolution.":[84],"Some":[85],"high-frequency":[88],"iSNVs":[89],"not":[93],"observed":[94],"global":[97],"population,":[98],"suggesting":[99],"strong":[100],"purifying":[101],"selections.":[102],"The":[103,111],"revealed":[106],"five":[107],"distinctive":[108],"spreading":[109],"clusters.":[110],"cluster":[113],"consisted":[114],"74":[116],"viruses":[117],"derived":[120],"different":[122],"geographic":[123],"locations":[124],"formed":[128],"deep":[130],"hierarchical":[131],"structure,":[132],"an":[134],"extensive":[135],"persistent":[137],"nation-wide":[138],"transmission":[139],"virus":[142],"that":[143],"was":[144],"probably":[145],"attributed":[146],"signature":[149],"mutation":[150],"(G8371T":[151],"ORF1ab)":[153],"this":[155,175],"cluster.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"28":[158],"putative":[159],"international":[160],"identified,":[163],"several":[164],"are":[167],"consistent":[168],"with":[169],"epidemiological":[171],"investigations.":[172],"In":[173],"all,":[174],"inferred":[178],"pathways":[181],"could":[191],"aid":[192],"ongoing":[193],"future":[195],"viral":[196],"surveillance":[197],"control.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
