{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128091105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2026.108421","title":"MD-CGM: Malicious traffic detection model based on CycleGAN and multi-head self-attetion mechanism","display_name":"MD-CGM: Malicious traffic detection model based on CycleGAN and multi-head self-attetion mechanism","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128091105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2026.108421"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.future.2026.108421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2026.108421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186357190","display_name":"Future Generation Computer Systems","issn_l":"0167-739X","issn":["0167-739X","1872-7115"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Generation Computer Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125153662","display_name":"Saihua Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saihua Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0743-1156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125230576","display_name":"Yige Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yige Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1561-2929","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wenjun Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4993-8821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4993-8821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063671391","display_name":"Jinfu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-5452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinfu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-5452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006922887","display_name":"Shengran Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengran Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1066-4340","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125209006","display_name":"Bingbing Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingbing Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1228-3885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125153662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"],"apc_list":{"value":3340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3340},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.3214,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97328411,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"181","issue":null,"first_page":"108421","last_page":"108421"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.35910001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.35910001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.3257000148296356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.05939999967813492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.3133000135421753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9144999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204673680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628107","display_name":"Airfield traffic pattern","level":2,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.future.2026.108421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2026.108421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186357190","display_name":"Future Generation Computer Systems","issn_l":"0167-739X","issn":["0167-739X","1872-7115"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Generation Computer Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6384816765785217,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1308233889","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1836116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1800832944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KYCX25_4240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335769","funder_display_name":"Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2142605940","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202510299044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336008","funder_display_name":"National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5747080351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6369611365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6747370699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20220515","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327794","display_name":"Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335769","display_name":"Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336008","display_name":"National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077488147","https://openalex.org/W2952298682","https://openalex.org/W3080580366","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3120093105","https://openalex.org/W3130082175","https://openalex.org/W3157699413","https://openalex.org/W3157719223","https://openalex.org/W4220770904","https://openalex.org/W4226076258","https://openalex.org/W4229083998","https://openalex.org/W4243138043","https://openalex.org/W4280493558","https://openalex.org/W4295539309","https://openalex.org/W4295789113","https://openalex.org/W4296311910","https://openalex.org/W4296465402","https://openalex.org/W4307042912","https://openalex.org/W4318773647","https://openalex.org/W4321240473","https://openalex.org/W4323275401","https://openalex.org/W4385976136","https://openalex.org/W4387108014","https://openalex.org/W4388188747","https://openalex.org/W4388505134","https://openalex.org/W4396982193","https://openalex.org/W4398255288","https://openalex.org/W4400489845","https://openalex.org/W4402005644","https://openalex.org/W4403391534","https://openalex.org/W4403563850","https://openalex.org/W4407403176","https://openalex.org/W4408482041"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-30T13:55:48.251075","created_date":"2026-02-07T00:00:00"}
