{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163741942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133170","title":"3D Gaussian splatting for reconstruction: Methods, datasets, and comparisons","display_name":"3D Gaussian splatting for reconstruction: Methods, datasets, and comparisons","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163741942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079519838","display_name":"\u826f\u4e45 \u6797","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiulin Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9474-7116","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138020440","display_name":"Caixia Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caixia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138047126","display_name":"Haisheng Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haisheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4861-0513","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113193427","display_name":"Wenshan Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenshan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Intelligent Software Technology, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1373-9634","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Intelligent Software Technology, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049054489","display_name":"Qianwen Yao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianwen Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Commercial Data Security Protection and Intelligent Governance, Beijing 102488, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5138047126"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89144158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"331","issue":null,"first_page":"133170","last_page":"133170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.13099999725818634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.13099999725818634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.06120000034570694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.037700001150369644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4309000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-filter","display_name":"Gaussian filter","score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.2540000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7225000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4309000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65892221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1113935","display_name":"Gaussian filter","level":3,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.24940000474452972}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321793","display_name":"Beijing Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/04bpn6s66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2738551266","https://openalex.org/W2901982540","https://openalex.org/W2964288609","https://openalex.org/W3080837329","https://openalex.org/W4200150166","https://openalex.org/W4221151978","https://openalex.org/W4385289063","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4386453468","https://openalex.org/W4396853098","https://openalex.org/W4399282542","https://openalex.org/W4400822430","https://openalex.org/W4400904825","https://openalex.org/W4404520249","https://openalex.org/W4404525549","https://openalex.org/W4407996312","https://openalex.org/W4410204460","https://openalex.org/W4410492284","https://openalex.org/W4410541807","https://openalex.org/W4413473909","https://openalex.org/W4415320654","https://openalex.org/W4415800511","https://openalex.org/W7125508211","https://openalex.org/W7133189814","https://openalex.org/W7133205559","https://openalex.org/W7137950088","https://openalex.org/W7139091869"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2026-06-07T00:00:00"}