{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130649563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","title":"Robust deepfake detection in compressed videos with scalable network strategies","display_name":"Robust deepfake detection in compressed videos with scalable network strategies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130649563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004934869","display_name":"Gianpaolo Perelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4873-4746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianpaolo Perelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Via Marengo 3, Cagliari, 09123, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Via Marengo 3, Cagliari, 09123, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011575105","display_name":"Marco Micheletto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-7869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Micheletto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Via Marengo 3, Cagliari, 09123, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-7869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Via Marengo 3, Cagliari, 09123, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079374252","display_name":"Sara Concas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-0686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Concas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Via Marengo 3, Cagliari, 09123, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-0686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Via Marengo 3, Cagliari, 09123, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045468852","display_name":"Giovanni Puglisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6222-9933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Puglisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari, 09124, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari, 09124, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002366419","display_name":"Gian Luca Marcialis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-9643"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Luca Marcialis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-9643","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011575105"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16608403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"317","issue":null,"first_page":"131761","last_page":"131761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.7301999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.7301999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.07410000264644623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.05460000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6151999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"Compressed sensing","score":0.40450000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2881999909877777}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6151999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124851039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665459","display_name":"Compressed sensing","level":2,"score":0.40450000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988224531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20830730","display_name":"Network structure","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33724603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812540","display_name":"Bayesian network","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/485366","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11584/485366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1145458839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRIN 2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2821824321","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRIN 2022 PNRR","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G358086024","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F53C2200074007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G507880695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PE00000014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074872866","https://openalex.org/W2130673281","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2588595876","https://openalex.org/W2736848882","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2935381027","https://openalex.org/W2942074357","https://openalex.org/W3141797743","https://openalex.org/W3158353280","https://openalex.org/W3192288297","https://openalex.org/W4206742848","https://openalex.org/W4221045030","https://openalex.org/W4226382623","https://openalex.org/W4244777963","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W4285819700","https://openalex.org/W4297477523","https://openalex.org/W4322576470","https://openalex.org/W4323338384","https://openalex.org/W4377250587","https://openalex.org/W4379141198","https://openalex.org/W4392948149"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deepfakes":[0],"leverage":[1],"artificial":[2],"intelligence":[3],"to":[4,44,71,147,174],"generate":[5],"highly":[6],"realistic":[7],"but":[8],"falsified":[9],"visual":[10],"content,":[11],"raising":[12],"concerns":[13],"for":[14,48,90,193],"security":[15],"and":[16,58,93,101,124,156,163,180],"trust":[17],"in":[18,168,195],"digital":[19],"media.":[20],"Detecting":[21],"such":[22],"manipulations":[23],"becomes":[24],"more":[25,181],"challenging":[26],"when":[27],"videos":[28],"are":[29],"compressed,":[30],"as":[31],"compression":[32,50,125],"algorithms":[33],"introduce":[34,66],"artifacts":[35],"that":[36,119,160],"obscure":[37],"forensic":[38],"evidence.":[39],"One":[40],"possible":[41],"solution":[42,191],"is":[43],"train":[45],"separate":[46],"models":[47,183],"different":[49],"levels;":[51],"however,":[52],"this":[53,63],"approach":[54,81],"increases":[55],"computational":[56],"costs":[57],"limits":[59],"scalability.":[60],"To":[61],"address":[62],"challenge,":[64],"we":[65],"a":[67,84,109,140,175],"unified":[68],"framework":[69],"designed":[70],"improve":[72,165],"robustness":[73],"against":[74],"varying":[75],"degrees":[76],"of":[77],"video":[78],"compression.":[79],"Our":[80],"combines":[82,136],"(i)":[83],"dedicated":[85],"MPEG-based":[86],"augmentation":[87],"strategy":[88],"tailored":[89],"compressed":[91,169],"videos,":[92],"(ii)":[94],"two":[95],"architectural":[96,132],"designs":[97],"named":[98],"Multi-Head":[99],"(MHN)":[100],"the":[102,154,185,189],"Multi-Branch":[103],"Network":[104],"(MBN).":[105],"The":[106,134],"MHN":[107,162,172],"extends":[108],"standard":[110],"backbone":[111,177],"by":[112],"appending":[113],"lightweight":[114,176],"output":[115],"layers,":[116],"or":[117],"\u201dheads\u201d,":[118],"jointly":[120],"predict":[121],"deepfake":[122],"likelihood":[123],"level,":[126],"enabling":[127],"compression-aware":[128],"detection":[129,166],"with":[130],"minimal":[131],"changes.":[133],"MBN":[135,164],"multiple":[137],"MHNs":[138],"into":[139],"modular,":[141],"parallel":[142],"architecture,":[143],"offering":[144],"an":[145],"alternative":[146],"conventional":[148],"depth-based":[149],"model":[150],"scaling.":[151],"Experiments":[152],"on":[153],"FaceForensics++":[155],"Celeb-DF":[157],"datasets":[158],"show":[159],"both":[161],"performance":[167],"scenarios.":[170],"Notably,":[171],"applied":[173],"outperforms":[178],"deeper":[179],"complex":[182],"without":[184],"multi-head":[186],"extension,":[187],"making":[188],"proposed":[190],"well-suited":[192],"deployment":[194],"resource-constrained":[196],"settings.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T06:11:07.267592","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}
