{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7168031536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","title":"Dual-branch cross-attention network with concatenation-based selective fusion for composite radar jamming recognition in low jamming-to-noise ratio","display_name":"Dual-branch cross-attention network with concatenation-based selective fusion for composite radar jamming recognition in low jamming-to-noise ratio","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7168031536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136036231","display_name":"Xiaolei Wan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolei Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083419277","display_name":"Zhiquan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-3691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiquan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-3691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140471995","display_name":"Yang Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107464740","display_name":"Hongwu Xiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwu Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136038533","display_name":"Xuchao Teng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuchao Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140473506","display_name":"Xinhong Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinhong Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140468752","display_name":"Jian Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055478242","display_name":"Xiaopeng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4103-1466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopeng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083419277"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"apc_paid":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85795961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"181","issue":null,"first_page":"115621","last_page":"115621"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.39500001072883606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.39500001072883606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.3124000132083893,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.17090000212192535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4952000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4447999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-target-recognition","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3197000026702881}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8661999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4952000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4447999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117623542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621974","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","level":3,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.115621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5633193254470825,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970483583","https://openalex.org/W2049588903","https://openalex.org/W2123879611","https://openalex.org/W2164553871","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2757662985","https://openalex.org/W2781731889","https://openalex.org/W2807894089","https://openalex.org/W2903029684","https://openalex.org/W2946727659","https://openalex.org/W3037205033","https://openalex.org/W3080296365","https://openalex.org/W3086777854","https://openalex.org/W3119223610","https://openalex.org/W3135569648","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3151130473","https://openalex.org/W3175854231","https://openalex.org/W3208729888","https://openalex.org/W4294833608","https://openalex.org/W4312443924","https://openalex.org/W4312881242","https://openalex.org/W4312950730","https://openalex.org/W4323663038","https://openalex.org/W4388939152","https://openalex.org/W4391216149","https://openalex.org/W4400648570","https://openalex.org/W4401507978","https://openalex.org/W4402744129","https://openalex.org/W4403755714","https://openalex.org/W4407168537","https://openalex.org/W4414500193","https://openalex.org/W7160034054"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reliable":[0],"recognition":[1,116],"of":[2,72,118],"composite":[3],"radar":[4],"jamming":[5,74],"signals":[6],"under":[7],"severe":[8],"noise":[9],"conditions":[10],"remains":[11],"a":[12,33,40,45,50,77,88,113],"critical":[13],"challenge":[14],"in":[15,25,121],"modern":[16],"electronic":[17],"warfare.":[18],"To":[19],"address":[20],"the":[21,64,73,104,122,127],"feature":[22,85],"drowning":[23],"issue":[24],"low":[26],"jamming-to-noise":[27],"ratio":[28],"(JNR)":[29],"environments,":[30],"we":[31],"propose":[32],"deep":[34],"learning-based":[35],"dual-branch":[36],"network":[37,61],"that":[38,110],"integrates":[39],"shifted-window":[41],"Transformer":[42],"branch":[43,47],"and":[44,68,125],"convolutional":[46],"(Swin-Conv)":[48],"through":[49],"concatenation-based":[51,89],"selective":[52,90],"kernel":[53,91],"(CSK)":[54],"fusion":[55,92],"module,":[56],"termed":[57],"SC-CSKNet.":[58],"The":[59],"proposed":[60],"jointly":[62],"explores":[63],"local":[65],"transient":[66],"structures":[67],"global":[69],"modulation":[70],"dependencies":[71],"signal.":[75],"Moreover,":[76],"residual":[78],"bi-directional":[79],"cross-attention":[80],"module":[81,94],"is":[82,95],"designed":[83],"for":[84],"alignment,":[86],"while":[87,134],"(CSK-fusion)":[93],"used":[96],"as":[97],"an":[98],"adaptive":[99],"gate":[100],"to":[101],"dynamically":[102],"suppress":[103],"noise-corrupted":[105],"channels.":[106],"Extensive":[107],"experiments":[108],"demonstrate":[109],"SC-CSKNet":[111],"achieves":[112],"superior":[114],"average":[115],"accuracy":[117],"72.65%":[119],"even":[120],"low-JNR":[123],"region":[124],"outperforms":[126],"best":[128],"baseline":[129],"ConvNeXt":[130],"Tiny":[131],"by":[132],"2.32%,":[133],"maintaining":[135],"excellent":[136],"computational":[137],"efficiency.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-07-12T00:00:00"}
