{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7141761539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114600","title":"A Temporal-spatial Causal Variational Network for accurate sintering temperature forecasting in rotary kilns","display_name":"A Temporal-spatial Causal Variational Network for accurate sintering temperature forecasting in rotary kilns","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7141761539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1485-8521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1485-8521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130815461","display_name":"Hua Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1563-5274","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaogang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-2576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaogang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-2576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qianyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-4363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-4363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028695574","display_name":"Yuqi Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1734-4146","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan Gate, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130807585","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136 Science Avenue, High-tech Zone, Zhengzhou, 450011, Henan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0422-2342","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136 Science Avenue, High-tech Zone, Zhengzhou, 450011, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130815461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I48168531"],"apc_list":{"value":3170,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3170},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69758727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"175","issue":null,"first_page":"114600","last_page":"114600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14474","display_name":"Industrial Technology and Control Systems","score":0.46320000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14474","display_name":"Industrial Technology and Control Systems","score":0.46320000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.18080000579357147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.03720000013709068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.7379000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-variable","display_name":"Latent variable","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-model","display_name":"Causal model","score":0.5152999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5033000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.4943000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4629000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-analysis","display_name":"Causal analysis","score":0.42910000681877136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.7379000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6689000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.5152999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5033000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4943000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4629000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987525970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96374569","display_name":"Causal analysis","level":2,"score":0.42910000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4253999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79772020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159264","display_name":"Conditional independence","level":2,"score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117312493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2035437","display_name":"Multivariable calculus","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137002209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898521","display_name":"Hidden variable theory","level":3,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74197172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195339","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115086926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004651","display_name":"Causal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844613","display_name":"Sintering","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8776229619979858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G496515379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8192720103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20385","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8267709441","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171184","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1833957189","https://openalex.org/W2036203027","https://openalex.org/W2051530197","https://openalex.org/W2083278075","https://openalex.org/W2337595895","https://openalex.org/W2660259025","https://openalex.org/W2789782795","https://openalex.org/W2896827527","https://openalex.org/W2963166639","https://openalex.org/W3080952411","https://openalex.org/W3083595256","https://openalex.org/W3173377275","https://openalex.org/W3176726917","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3203893997","https://openalex.org/W3215773171","https://openalex.org/W4212854774","https://openalex.org/W4283211777","https://openalex.org/W4311897818","https://openalex.org/W4379112930","https://openalex.org/W4379116998","https://openalex.org/W4392748159","https://openalex.org/W4399873817","https://openalex.org/W4401567681","https://openalex.org/W4406642350"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-29T06:01:01.467347","created_date":"2026-03-28T00:00:00"}
