{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139983186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","title":"Refining skip connections in convolutional encoder\u2013decoder networks for whole meningioma segmentation using shifted window transformer blocks","display_name":"Refining skip connections in convolutional encoder\u2013decoder networks for whole meningioma segmentation using shifted window transformer blocks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139983186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130264453","display_name":"Marco Zurdo-Tabernero","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","display_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02f40zc51","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134045","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/03em6xj44","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I4210099034","https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Zurdo-Tabernero","raw_affiliation_strings":["BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-5149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130287538","display_name":"Guillermo Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","display_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02f40zc51","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134045","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/03em6xj44","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I4210099034","https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillermo Hern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130293942","display_name":"Ang\u00e9lica Gonz\u00e1lez-Arrieta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","display_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02f40zc51","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134045","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/03em6xj44","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I4210099034","https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ang\u00e9lica Gonz\u00e1lez-Arrieta","raw_affiliation_strings":["BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040055414","display_name":"J. E. S. PRIETO","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","display_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02f40zc51","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134045","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/03em6xj44","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I4210099034","https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Prieto","raw_affiliation_strings":["BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8175-2201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130276747","display_name":"Juan Manuel Corchado","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","display_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02f40zc51","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I226432","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Kelantan","ror":"https://ror.org/0463y2v87","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226432"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134045","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/03em6xj44","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I4210099034","https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72375662","display_name":"Osaka Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02znffm54","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72375662"]}],"countries":["ES","JP","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Manuel Corchado","raw_affiliation_strings":["BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","Department of Electronics, Information and Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan","Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain","Pust Komputeran dan Informatik, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BISITE Research Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Information and Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72375662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pust Komputeran dan Informatik, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I226432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130264453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862","https://openalex.org/I4210134045"],"apc_list":{"value":3170,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3170},"apc_paid":{"value":3170,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3170},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60777115,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"174","issue":null,"first_page":"114569","last_page":"114569"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11251","display_name":"Meningioma and schwannoma management","score":0.5587999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11251","display_name":"Meningioma and schwannoma management","score":0.5587999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.1014999970793724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.04230000078678131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7336999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4894999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dice","display_name":"Dice","score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s\u00f8rensen\u2013dice-coefficient","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","score":0.39419999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7336999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5824999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4894999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22029948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45089","display_name":"Dice","level":2,"score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163892561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2613728","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","level":4,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99821215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136583","display_name":"Swap (finance)","level":2,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141353440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182221","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","level":2,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203519979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865360","display_name":"Jaccard index","level":3,"score":0.2637999951839447}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gredos.usal.es:10366/170727","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170727","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196290","display_name":"Gredos (University of Salamanca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2026.114569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S900972176","display_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-1976","issn":["0952-1976","1873-6769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1670632577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS2022-135101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2262748287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2601397997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G300979063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480869486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3681454997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4042783231","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4115436907","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080475149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6717538712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI /10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7266728691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313159","display_name":"American Society of Neuroradiology","ror":"https://ror.org/00k9hfk65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987869189","https://openalex.org/W2134197654","https://openalex.org/W2167277498","https://openalex.org/W2915978573","https://openalex.org/W3187574759","https://openalex.org/W4206693420","https://openalex.org/W4321488077","https://openalex.org/W4360853472","https://openalex.org/W4362506104","https://openalex.org/W4387217639","https://openalex.org/W4389469649","https://openalex.org/W4411849315","https://openalex.org/W4413115924"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"segmentation":[1],"of":[2,70,112],"meningiomas":[3],"in":[4,32],"magnetic":[5],"resonance":[6],"imaging":[7],"scans":[8],"is":[9],"essential":[10],"for":[11],"clinical":[12],"planning,":[13],"yet":[14],"remains":[15],"challenging":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,66,90],"their":[19],"irregular":[20],"shapes":[21],"and":[22,73,102,123],"subtle":[23],"boundaries.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"study,":[27],"we":[28],"refine":[29],"skip":[30,64,94],"connections":[31,65],"convolutional":[33],"encoder\u2013decoder":[34,116],"networks":[35],"(widely":[36],"known":[37],"through":[38],"the":[39,68,80,91],"U-Net":[40,126],"architecture)":[41],"by":[42],"selectively":[43],"integrating":[44],"shifted":[45],"window":[46],"transformer":[47,88],"blocks.":[48],"Unlike":[49],"prior":[50],"transformer-based":[51],"architectures,":[52],"which":[53],"primarily":[54],"enhance":[55],"encoder":[56],"or":[57],"decoder":[58],"stages,":[59],"our":[60],"approach":[61],"targets":[62],"shallow":[63],"improve":[67],"fusion":[69],"local":[71],"detail":[72],"global":[74],"context.":[75],"An":[76],"ablation":[77],"study":[78],"on":[79],"BraTS":[81],"Meningioma":[82],"2023":[83],"dataset":[84],"demonstrates":[85],"that":[86],"applying":[87],"blocks":[89],"first":[92],"two":[93],"levels":[95],"yields":[96],"an":[97],"optimal":[98],"balance":[99],"between":[100],"accuracy":[101],"efficiency.":[103],"The":[104],"proposed":[105],"model":[106],"achieves":[107],"a":[108,124],"Dice":[109],"similarity":[110],"coefficient":[111],"0.9119,":[113],"outperforming":[114],"conventional":[115],"baselines":[117],"such":[118],"as":[119],"U-Net,":[120,122],"Attention":[121],"widened":[125],"variant,":[127],"while":[128],"delivering":[129],"more":[130],"precise":[131],"boundary":[132],"delineation":[133],"with":[134],"competitive":[135],"recall.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2026-03-22T00:00:00"}