{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128687339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2026.105995","title":"Tiny object detection: An in-depth survey of techniques, challenges, and future directions","display_name":"Tiny object detection: An in-depth survey of techniques, challenges, and future directions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128687339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2026.105995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dsp.2026.105995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2026.105995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64117906","display_name":"Digital Signal Processing","issn_l":"1051-2004","issn":["1051-2004","1095-4333"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085046788","display_name":"Rakhi Nautiyal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8778637","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Srinagar","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfwvw54","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152752","https://openalex.org/I8778637"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rakhi Nautiyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3219-8126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8778637"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085351888","display_name":"Maroti Deshmukh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-5987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8778637","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Srinagar","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfwvw54","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152752","https://openalex.org/I8778637"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maroti Deshmukh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-5987","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8778637"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085351888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8778637"],"apc_list":{"value":2480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2480},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26484913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"174","issue":null,"first_page":"105995","last_page":"105995"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.6956999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5485000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.49630001187324524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7954000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.6956999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5787000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5485000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49630001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dsp.2026.105995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2026.105995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64117906","display_name":"Digital Signal Processing","issn_l":"1051-2004","issn":["1051-2004","1095-4333"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6696060299873352,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":129,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2126628495","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2855340099","https://openalex.org/W2884367402","https://openalex.org/W2921387743","https://openalex.org/W2924873663","https://openalex.org/W2945786113","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2967487473","https://openalex.org/W2971597474","https://openalex.org/W2980858786","https://openalex.org/W2982215467","https://openalex.org/W2983156430","https://openalex.org/W2988916019","https://openalex.org/W2992240579","https://openalex.org/W2997747012","https://openalex.org/W3007473623","https://openalex.org/W3011075597","https://openalex.org/W3011654159","https://openalex.org/W3013162535","https://openalex.org/W3092873533","https://openalex.org/W3112301260","https://openalex.org/W3113769242","https://openalex.org/W3114606989","https://openalex.org/W3119023914","https://openalex.org/W3122799380","https://openalex.org/W3147030580","https://openalex.org/W3153237881","https://openalex.org/W3153464316","https://openalex.org/W3159999130","https://openalex.org/W3160439413","https://openalex.org/W3162686812","https://openalex.org/W3164864928","https://openalex.org/W3165025444","https://openalex.org/W3196397220","https://openalex.org/W3198807694","https://openalex.org/W3205100603","https://openalex.org/W3214932270","https://openalex.org/W4200135089","https://openalex.org/W4205762292","https://openalex.org/W4205794811","https://openalex.org/W4213019189","https://openalex.org/W4229453634","https://openalex.org/W4229455141","https://openalex.org/W4239231102","https://openalex.org/W4280612715","https://openalex.org/W4282044689","https://openalex.org/W4283072195","https://openalex.org/W4283717190","https://openalex.org/W4283781297","https://openalex.org/W4285820716","https://openalex.org/W4288083516","https://openalex.org/W4293004185","https://openalex.org/W4293581688","https://openalex.org/W4295123323","https://openalex.org/W4306738766","https://openalex.org/W4308861750","https://openalex.org/W4313449183","https://openalex.org/W4313681655","https://openalex.org/W4315641800","https://openalex.org/W4317624340","https://openalex.org/W4318566965","https://openalex.org/W4319073054","https://openalex.org/W4319226720","https://openalex.org/W4319265540","https://openalex.org/W4320002812","https://openalex.org/W4321094182","https://openalex.org/W4323256761","https://openalex.org/W4323351162","https://openalex.org/W4360615818","https://openalex.org/W4362470050","https://openalex.org/W4362588525","https://openalex.org/W4380995108","https://openalex.org/W4382137697","https://openalex.org/W4385239611","https://openalex.org/W4387345507","https://openalex.org/W4387975779","https://openalex.org/W4388086564","https://openalex.org/W4388450957","https://openalex.org/W4389005572","https://openalex.org/W4389347185","https://openalex.org/W4389513780","https://openalex.org/W4390494419","https://openalex.org/W4390582897","https://openalex.org/W4390873251","https://openalex.org/W4391022531","https://openalex.org/W4391241798","https://openalex.org/W4391316362","https://openalex.org/W4391841967","https://openalex.org/W4392607700","https://openalex.org/W4393034183","https://openalex.org/W4393185243","https://openalex.org/W4393317308","https://openalex.org/W4394699178","https://openalex.org/W4396216689","https://openalex.org/W4399876404","https://openalex.org/W4399890184","https://openalex.org/W4400073249","https://openalex.org/W4401162309","https://openalex.org/W4401406145","https://openalex.org/W4401630652","https://openalex.org/W4401900828","https://openalex.org/W4401930054","https://openalex.org/W4402104584","https://openalex.org/W4402814946","https://openalex.org/W4403888247","https://openalex.org/W4404429134","https://openalex.org/W4404651535","https://openalex.org/W4405500763","https://openalex.org/W4405748832","https://openalex.org/W4406017180","https://openalex.org/W4406098119","https://openalex.org/W4406235068","https://openalex.org/W4406330070","https://openalex.org/W4406333475","https://openalex.org/W4406549672","https://openalex.org/W4407246618","https://openalex.org/W4407565317","https://openalex.org/W4407957024","https://openalex.org/W4408104321","https://openalex.org/W4408467392","https://openalex.org/W4409245670","https://openalex.org/W4409250379","https://openalex.org/W4409441301","https://openalex.org/W4410257763","https://openalex.org/W4410465618","https://openalex.org/W4411472319"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-03T08:25:01.440150","created_date":"2026-02-13T00:00:00"}
