{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147721833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","title":"Once Upon a Goal: Towards orientation-based shot metrics in football","display_name":"Once Upon a Goal: Towards orientation-based shot metrics in football","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147721833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185008460","display_name":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","issn_l":"1077-3142","issn":["1077-3142","1090-235X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094354133","display_name":"Marc Guti\u00e9rrez-P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6936-9881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093282","display_name":"Institut de Rob\u00f2tica i Inform\u00e0tica Industrial","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcdyn90","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210093282","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marc Guti\u00e9rrez-P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Rob\u00f2tica i Inform\u00e0tica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Carrer de Llorens i Artigas, 4-6, 08028, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6936-9881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Rob\u00f2tica i Inform\u00e0tica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Carrer de Llorens i Artigas, 4-6, 08028, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I4210093282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132711288","display_name":"Calvin Yeung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Calvin Yeung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, 464-8601, Nagoya, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1895-1344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, 464-8601, Nagoya, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132649669","display_name":"Keisuke Fujii","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126580","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project","ror":"https://ror.org/03ckxwf91","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210126580"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130188","display_name":"Museum of Japanese Art Yamato Bunkakan","ror":"https://ror.org/04cnkg888","country_code":"JP","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Fujii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, 464-8601, Nagoya, Japan","RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5487-4297","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, 464-8601, Nagoya, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126580","https://openalex.org/I4210130188"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126297311","display_name":"Antonio Agudo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093282","display_name":"Institut de Rob\u00f2tica i Inform\u00e0tica Industrial","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcdyn90","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210093282","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Agudo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Rob\u00f2tica i Inform\u00e0tica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Carrer de Llorens i Artigas, 4-6, 08028, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Rob\u00f2tica i Inform\u00e0tica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Carrer de Llorens i Artigas, 4-6, 08028, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I4210093282"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094354133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093282","https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"apc_list":{"value":2370,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2370},"apc_paid":{"value":2370,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2370},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34209882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"268","issue":null,"first_page":"104732","last_page":"104732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.424699991941452,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.424699991941452,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.21369999647140503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.07970000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/football","display_name":"Football","score":0.7642999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.7488999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5715000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5123000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.34290000796318054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.7642999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.7488999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5715000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5123000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.49779999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4471000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41339999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.34290000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59732488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528440","display_name":"Visual analytics","level":3,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172525866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3661266","display_name":"Sports biomechanics","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185008460","display_name":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","issn_l":"1077-3142","issn":["1077-3142","1090-235X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2026.104732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185008460","display_name":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","issn_l":"1077-3142","issn":["1077-3142","1090-235X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4256043861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FI 2024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321505","funder_display_name":"Generalitat de Catalunya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321505","display_name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/01bg62x04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334830","display_name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","ror":"https://ror.org/01n4pqe45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2603203130","https://openalex.org/W2619174663","https://openalex.org/W2766629694","https://openalex.org/W2797002824","https://openalex.org/W2797664359","https://openalex.org/W2921652978","https://openalex.org/W2954570505","https://openalex.org/W2962913126","https://openalex.org/W2996106349","https://openalex.org/W3035084815","https://openalex.org/W3089767591","https://openalex.org/W3147122783","https://openalex.org/W3163016373","https://openalex.org/W3164404442","https://openalex.org/W3186413649","https://openalex.org/W3208971461","https://openalex.org/W4213299274","https://openalex.org/W4283218895","https://openalex.org/W4292830052","https://openalex.org/W4296181607","https://openalex.org/W4312562660","https://openalex.org/W4312938066","https://openalex.org/W4319586623","https://openalex.org/W4362602314","https://openalex.org/W4386295816","https://openalex.org/W4387961266","https://openalex.org/W4390874306","https://openalex.org/W4392947498","https://openalex.org/W4394572195","https://openalex.org/W4399039129","https://openalex.org/W4400411918","https://openalex.org/W4402712187","https://openalex.org/W4402916111","https://openalex.org/W4402916245","https://openalex.org/W4402916479","https://openalex.org/W4403920448","https://openalex.org/W4403965468","https://openalex.org/W4405079201","https://openalex.org/W4407064041","https://openalex.org/W4408973787","https://openalex.org/W4413074997","https://openalex.org/W4413145855","https://openalex.org/W4413147027","https://openalex.org/W4414196988","https://openalex.org/W4414198511","https://openalex.org/W4414199189"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sports":[0],"analytics":[1,37,203,205,241,407],"has":[2,206],"been":[3,207],"revolutionized":[4,208],"by":[5,55,108,209,259,312],"advanced":[6,210],"tracking":[7,211],"technologies,":[8,212],"yet":[9,213],"the":[10,24,56,159,171,176,192,214,228,260,363,375,380,396],"integration":[11,215],"of":[12,26,59,77,149,163,175,194,216,230,263,281,353,367,379,398],"human":[13,217],"pose":[14,83,218,287],"estimation":[15,219],"into":[16,131,220,335],"performance":[17,221],"metrics":[18,222],"remains":[19,223],"underexplored":[20,224],"in":[21,35,48,156,197,225,239,252,360,401],"football.":[22,226],"Estimating":[23,227],"probability":[25,229],"scoring":[27,231],"from":[28,91,232,295],"a":[29,32,118,132,233,236,322,336],"shot":[30,198,234,402],"is":[31,39,52,96,144,154,235,243,256,300,348,358],"central":[33,237],"task":[34,238],"football":[36,78,202,240,282,406],"and":[38,87,105,125,173,200,242,291,309,329,377,404],"commonly":[40,244],"approached":[41,245],"through":[42,246],"expected":[43,247],"goals":[44,248],"(xG)":[45,249],"models.":[46,250],"Progress":[47,251],"this":[49,69,181,253,273,385],"area,":[50,254],"however,":[51,255],"often":[53,257],"constrained":[54,258],"limited":[57,155,261,359],"availability":[58,262],"publicly":[60,183,264,387],"accessible":[61,265],"datasets":[62,266],"that":[63,140,267,344],"include":[64,268],"fine-grained":[65,269],"biomechanical":[66,270],"information.":[67,271],"In":[68,272],"work,":[70,274],"we":[71,121,185,275,325,389],"present":[72,276],"xGHub,":[73,277],"an":[74,99,109,278,303,313],"open-source":[75,279],"dataset":[76,95,182,280,299,386],"shots":[79,283],"enriched":[80,284],"with":[81,285],"player":[82,103,195,286,307,399],"estimation,":[84,288],"body":[85,289],"orientation,":[86,290],"contextual":[88,292],"features":[89,127,293,331],"extracted":[90,294],"broadcast":[92,296],"video.":[93,297],"The":[94,298],"generated":[97,301],"using":[98,302],"automated":[100,304],"pipeline":[101,305],"for":[102,146,306,350],"detection":[104,308],"tracking,":[106,310],"followed":[107,311],"external":[110,314],"verification":[111,315],"process":[112,316],"to":[113,169,187,317,373,391],"ensure":[114,318],"annotation":[115,319],"reliability.":[116,320],"As":[117,321],"use":[119,323],"case,":[120,324],"analyze":[122,326],"how":[123,327],"pose-":[124,328],"orientation-related":[126,330],"can":[128,332],"be":[129,333],"incorporated":[130,334],"standard":[133,337],"xG":[134,338],"modeling":[135,339],"framework.":[136,340],"Our":[137,341],"results":[138,342],"indicate":[139,343],"3D":[141,345],"orientation":[142,346],"information":[143,347],"informative":[145,349],"specific":[147,351],"subsets":[148,352],"shots,":[150,354],"while":[151,355],"its":[152,356],"contribution":[153,357],"others,":[157,361],"reflecting":[158,362],"inherently":[160,364],"non-linear":[161,365],"nature":[162,366],"angular":[164,368],"representations.":[165,369],"This":[166,370],"analysis":[167,199,371,403],"serves":[168,372],"illustrate":[170,374],"potential":[172,376],"limitations":[174,378],"released":[177,381],"annotations.":[178,382],"By":[179,383],"making":[180,384],"available,":[184,388],"aim":[186,390],"support":[188,392],"future":[189,393],"research":[190,394],"on":[191,395],"role":[193,397],"biomechanics":[196,400],"related":[201,405],"tasks.Sports":[204],"tasks.":[408]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T06:11:07.267592","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}