{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162664172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111757","title":"Investigation of measles outbreak in Pakistan (2022 to 2023): Exploring comorbidities, complications, and molecular characterization","display_name":"Investigation of measles outbreak in Pakistan (2022 to 2023): Exploring comorbidities, complications, and molecular characterization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162664172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111757","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42208305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111757","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44278595","display_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0010-4825","issn":["0010-4825","1879-0534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101364422","display_name":"Asia Nawaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1651-9603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asia Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: asiyanawazgcu@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1651-9603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: asiyanawazgcu@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003724576","display_name":"Sidra Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-9736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sidra Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: Sidrarahman1716@yahoo.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: Sidrarahman1716@yahoo.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025977680","display_name":"Nighat Haider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-3359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50693808","display_name":"Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0358b9334","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50693808"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nighat Haider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Children Hospital Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), ICT, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: nighathaider@hotmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Children Hospital Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), ICT, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: nighathaider@hotmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50693808"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007936350","display_name":"Adnan Zeb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Zeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: adnanzeb334@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: adnanzeb334@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032143631","display_name":"Muhammad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-3517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003724576"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"],"apc_list":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69001716,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"212","issue":null,"first_page":"111757","last_page":"111757"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11243","display_name":"Respiratory viral infections research","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles","display_name":"Measles","score":0.8654999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outbreak","display_name":"Outbreak","score":0.8183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination","display_name":"Vaccination","score":0.6715999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemiology","display_name":"Epidemiology","score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles-virus","display_name":"Measles virus","score":0.5375000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preparedness","display_name":"Preparedness","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.5029000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.46540001034736633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79793","display_name":"Measles","level":3,"score":0.8654999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.8183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.6715999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778199166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q573943","display_name":"Measles virus","level":4,"score":0.5375000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4583103","display_name":"Preparedness","level":2,"score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5029000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1947278","display_name":"Morbillivirus","level":5,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.36239999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909991059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821775","display_name":"Epidemiologic Surveillance","level":3,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776480101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3555250","display_name":"Disease surveillance","level":3,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97669555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118435","display_name":"Molecular epidemiology","level":4,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780657872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804161","display_name":"Measles vaccine","level":4,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008457","descriptor_name":"Measles","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008457","descriptor_name":"Measles","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008457","descriptor_name":"Measles","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008459","descriptor_name":"Measles virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008459","descriptor_name":"Measles virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111757","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44278595","display_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0010-4825","issn":["0010-4825","1879-0534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42208305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42208305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in biology and medicine","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028081059","https://openalex.org/W2030966943","https://openalex.org/W2062241081","https://openalex.org/W2114001576","https://openalex.org/W2115167726","https://openalex.org/W2136513422","https://openalex.org/W2142529984","https://openalex.org/W2143238378","https://openalex.org/W2167877434","https://openalex.org/W2171385793","https://openalex.org/W2742404012","https://openalex.org/W2767936485","https://openalex.org/W2774330716","https://openalex.org/W2897789651","https://openalex.org/W2953039653","https://openalex.org/W3020238093","https://openalex.org/W4309613846","https://openalex.org/W4322761694","https://openalex.org/W4385324147","https://openalex.org/W4386783277","https://openalex.org/W4390012703","https://openalex.org/W4392355515","https://openalex.org/W4393052132","https://openalex.org/W4393321555","https://openalex.org/W4394854771","https://openalex.org/W4400911702","https://openalex.org/W4401370436","https://openalex.org/W4404863631","https://openalex.org/W4405289487","https://openalex.org/W4405670661","https://openalex.org/W4407733835","https://openalex.org/W4408098134","https://openalex.org/W4409135762","https://openalex.org/W4409768769","https://openalex.org/W4411246173","https://openalex.org/W4416272388"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-31T06:10:14.724740","created_date":"2026-05-29T00:00:00"}