{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103143406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.11.007","title":"Permutation entropy analysis of vital signs data for outcome prediction of patients with severe traumatic brain injury","display_name":"Permutation entropy analysis of vital signs data for outcome prediction of patients with severe traumatic brain injury","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103143406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.11.007","mag":"2103143406","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25464358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.11.007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.11.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44278595","display_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0010-4825","issn":["0010-4825","1879-0534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020847214","display_name":"Konstantinos Kalpakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4827-2828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Kalpakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Electric Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, United States. Electronic address: kalpakis@umbc.edu","Department of Computer Science and Electric Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Electric Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, United States. Electronic address: kalpakis@umbc.edu","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Electric Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005903368","display_name":"Shiming Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-4268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiming Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008114238","display_name":"Peter Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-758X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter F. Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109996729","display_name":"Colin F. Mackenzie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin F. Mackenzie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072797087","display_name":"Lynn G. Stansbury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-881X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynn G. Stansbury","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018679010","display_name":"Deborah M. Stein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-3963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah M. Stein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019706236","display_name":"Thomas M. Scalea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8794-4108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas M. Scalea","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020847214"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"],"apc_list":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.636,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87664704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":null,"first_page":"167","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12296","display_name":"Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes","score":0.9578999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vital-signs","display_name":"Vital signs","score":0.7123357653617859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traumatic-brain-injury","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","score":0.55314040184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.4696442484855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.45945340394973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.44054776430130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.418300986289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40293416380882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39339596033096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3851352632045746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.1657436192035675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.07809779047966003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776890885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067560","display_name":"Vital signs","level":2,"score":0.7123357653617859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781017439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995526","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","level":2,"score":0.55314040184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.4696442484855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.45945340394973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.44054776430130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.418300986289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40293416380882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39339596033096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3851352632045746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.1657436192035675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.07809779047966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015599","descriptor_name":"Trauma Severity Indices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015599","descriptor_name":"Trauma Severity Indices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015599","descriptor_name":"Trauma Severity Indices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055986","descriptor_name":"Vital Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055986","descriptor_name":"Vital Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055986","descriptor_name":"Vital Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.11.007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.11.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44278595","display_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0010-4825","issn":["0010-4825","1879-0534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25464358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25464358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers in biology and medicine","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49486804","https://openalex.org/W608314793","https://openalex.org/W1549656520","https://openalex.org/W1607198972","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1965467189","https://openalex.org/W1985986474","https://openalex.org/W1990404694","https://openalex.org/W1993119321","https://openalex.org/W1996017629","https://openalex.org/W2009082127","https://openalex.org/W2010388718","https://openalex.org/W2012558374","https://openalex.org/W2014683958","https://openalex.org/W2017091714","https://openalex.org/W2021490945","https://openalex.org/W2023205960","https://openalex.org/W2028859679","https://openalex.org/W2029599593","https://openalex.org/W2059042317","https://openalex.org/W2065057630","https://openalex.org/W2068951112","https://openalex.org/W2071949264","https://openalex.org/W2075620569","https://openalex.org/W2080132175","https://openalex.org/W2080389513","https://openalex.org/W2096209718","https://openalex.org/W2105209028","https://openalex.org/W2145979309","https://openalex.org/W2157881370","https://openalex.org/W2158289022","https://openalex.org/W2165700458","https://openalex.org/W2165740328","https://openalex.org/W2318640187","https://openalex.org/W2321110398","https://openalex.org/W2947000318","https://openalex.org/W3106063097","https://openalex.org/W3124661333","https://openalex.org/W3140968660","https://openalex.org/W4299429830","https://openalex.org/W6636501900","https://openalex.org/W6652657411","https://openalex.org/W6652672758","https://openalex.org/W6670304206","https://openalex.org/W6699995331","https://openalex.org/W6700361364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W135666085","https://openalex.org/W2053514191","https://openalex.org/W30340901","https://openalex.org/W4205307318","https://openalex.org/W2162926135","https://openalex.org/W2087901682","https://openalex.org/W3005991535","https://openalex.org/W4285102294","https://openalex.org/W2052460383","https://openalex.org/W3948632"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
