{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7171375147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","title":"Toward intelligent pig farming: Advancing health and welfare monitoring through computer vision\u2013based behavioral analysis","display_name":"Toward intelligent pig farming: Advancing health and welfare monitoring through computer vision\u2013based behavioral analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7171375147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136752516","display_name":"Eddiemar B. Lagua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-1680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eddiemar B. Lagua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, 255, Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, 255, Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123341847","display_name":"Hong-Seok Mun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hong-Seok Mun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143687741","display_name":"Md Sharifuzzaman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132877587","display_name":"Gopalganj Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xjpe74","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132877587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["BD","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Sharifuzzaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132877587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143730815","display_name":"Md Kamrul Hasan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135366938","display_name":"Sylhet Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/000n1k313","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135366938"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["BD","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Kamrul Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","Department of Poultry Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Poultry Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135366938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123341657","display_name":"Ahsan Mehtab","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahsan Mehtab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123347714","display_name":"Jin-Gu Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Gu Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, 255, Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, 255, Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143731395","display_name":"Hae-Rang Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hae-Rang Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143735723","display_name":"Young-Hwa Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Hwa Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143731574","display_name":"Chul-Ju Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199143407","display_name":"Sunchon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/043jqrs76","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chul-Ju Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, 255, Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, 255, Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, the Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5123341847","https://openalex.org/A5143731574"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199143407"],"apc_list":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"apc_paid":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91577597,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"254","issue":null,"first_page":"112210","last_page":"112210"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12365","display_name":"Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-analysis","display_name":"Behavioral analysis","score":0.5536999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-pattern","display_name":"Behavioral pattern","score":0.5486000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-modeling","display_name":"Behavioral modeling","score":0.53329998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4636000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavior-change","display_name":"Behavior change","score":0.45660001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.43619999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavior-management","display_name":"Behavior management","score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-economics","display_name":"Behavioral economics","score":0.376800000667572}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989277270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168338","display_name":"Behavioral analysis","level":2,"score":0.5536999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83804111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063558","display_name":"Behavioral pattern","level":2,"score":0.5486000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78639753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3318160","display_name":"Behavioral modeling","level":2,"score":0.53329998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49619999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48010000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4636000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14262774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4880695","display_name":"Behavior change","level":2,"score":0.45660001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.43619999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207646559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4880696","display_name":"Behavior management","level":2,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109574028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647525","display_name":"Behavioral economics","level":2,"score":0.376800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.34310001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197352329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093434","display_name":"Citizen science","level":2,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183698672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3332444","display_name":"Behavioral medicine","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56397880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044094","display_name":"Intelligent decision support system","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5570062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3919817","display_name":"Behavioural sciences","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.25859999656677246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.4444045126438141}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":111,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1958294650","https://openalex.org/W1992193620","https://openalex.org/W2028510052","https://openalex.org/W2053289930","https://openalex.org/W2091991228","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2120021590","https://openalex.org/W2145904480","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2357989205","https://openalex.org/W2466229817","https://openalex.org/W2509451677","https://openalex.org/W2509756790","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2563990199","https://openalex.org/W2751270401","https://openalex.org/W2755950973","https://openalex.org/W2775111183","https://openalex.org/W2791489312","https://openalex.org/W2889361932","https://openalex.org/W2896179392","https://openalex.org/W2904450473","https://openalex.org/W2904452810","https://openalex.org/W2909675353","https://openalex.org/W2964668276","https://openalex.org/W2970293506","https://openalex.org/W2993816615","https://openalex.org/W2997707473","https://openalex.org/W3022244778","https://openalex.org/W3025656547","https://openalex.org/W3035236910","https://openalex.org/W3036237841","https://openalex.org/W3037051811","https://openalex.org/W3042132036","https://openalex.org/W3043977637","https://openalex.org/W3044264559","https://openalex.org/W3044654760","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3108183677","https://openalex.org/W3108906395","https://openalex.org/W3120255147","https://openalex.org/W3154746044","https://openalex.org/W3157081268","https://openalex.org/W3159353883","https://openalex.org/W3165820740","https://openalex.org/W3183519147","https://openalex.org/W3200760371","https://openalex.org/W3208738472","https://openalex.org/W3211190739","https://openalex.org/W4200015769","https://openalex.org/W4205927760","https://openalex.org/W4210496922","https://openalex.org/W4213294339","https://openalex.org/W4229063038","https://openalex.org/W4281735165","https://openalex.org/W4282945568","https://openalex.org/W4283010358","https://openalex.org/W4286904999","https://openalex.org/W4293412931","https://openalex.org/W4294376322","https://openalex.org/W4307303276","https://openalex.org/W4309764764","https://openalex.org/W4312446817","https://openalex.org/W4319300181","https://openalex.org/W4361288124","https://openalex.org/W4375952661","https://openalex.org/W4376132592","https://openalex.org/W4380356709","https://openalex.org/W4382136556","https://openalex.org/W4386076204","https://openalex.org/W4386219769","https://openalex.org/W4387264759","https://openalex.org/W4387459387","https://openalex.org/W4388020847","https://openalex.org/W4388116610","https://openalex.org/W4388228734","https://openalex.org/W4388552122","https://openalex.org/W4389779572","https://openalex.org/W4391643250","https://openalex.org/W4393153514","https://openalex.org/W4394065203","https://openalex.org/W4396791524","https://openalex.org/W4396812984","https://openalex.org/W4397008560","https://openalex.org/W4399900445","https://openalex.org/W4399930737","https://openalex.org/W4400943712","https://openalex.org/W4402754006","https://openalex.org/W4403628365","https://openalex.org/W4403770406","https://openalex.org/W4404075848","https://openalex.org/W4404293861","https://openalex.org/W4404396081","https://openalex.org/W4404553112","https://openalex.org/W4404712949","https://openalex.org/W4405460344","https://openalex.org/W4405640702","https://openalex.org/W4406240461","https://openalex.org/W4409722436","https://openalex.org/W4410069014","https://openalex.org/W4410535892","https://openalex.org/W4414913592","https://openalex.org/W4415795831","https://openalex.org/W4416056600","https://openalex.org/W7110296122","https://openalex.org/W7126239218","https://openalex.org/W7133604781"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"pig":[1,35,256],"production":[2,257],"is":[3],"increasingly":[4],"moving":[5],"toward":[6,247],"smart":[7],"and":[8,37,49,82,89,106,119,137,141,151,167,190,200,218,222,251],"intelligent":[9,252],"farming":[10],"systems,":[11],"integrating":[12],"advanced":[13],"technologies":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16,27],"artificial":[17,220],"intelligence":[18],"for":[19,33,60,97,203,239],"precision":[20],"management.":[21],"Camera-based":[22],"computer":[23,64,241],"vision":[24,242],"has":[25],"emerged":[26],"a":[28,53,236],"promising":[29],"non-contact":[30],"sensing":[31],"tool":[32],"monitoring":[34,98,250],"health":[36],"welfare":[38],"through":[39,157],"behavioral":[40,47,66,74,215,249],"analysis,":[41],"given":[42],"the":[43,93],"strong":[44],"association":[45],"between":[46],"patterns":[48],"physiological":[50],"status.":[51],"Following":[52],"PRISMA-based":[54],"search,":[55],"45":[56],"studies":[57],"were":[58],"included":[59],"critical":[61],"synthesis":[62],"on":[63,72],"vision-based":[65],"analysis":[67],"in":[68,255],"pigs,":[69],"with":[70,108],"emphasis":[71],"detectable":[73],"indicators,":[75],"imaging":[76],"configurations,":[77],"model":[78,227],"architectures,":[79],"post-processing":[80,191],"strategies,":[81],"deployment":[83],"constraints.":[84],"Findings":[85],"show":[86],"that":[87,225],"posture":[88],"nutritive":[90],"behaviors":[91],"are":[92,101],"most":[94],"mature":[95],"targets":[96],"because":[99],"they":[100],"visually":[102],"distinctive,":[103],"biologically":[104,213],"informative,":[105],"compatible":[107],"lightweight":[109,165],"object-detection":[110],"pipelines.":[111],"In":[112],"contrast,":[113],"aggression,":[114],"biting,":[115],"enrichment":[116],"interaction,":[117],"suckling,":[118],"individual":[120],"activity":[121],"metrics":[122],"require":[123],"stronger":[124],"temporal":[125],"modeling,":[126],"segmentation,":[127,150],"or":[128],"multi-object":[129],"tracking,":[130],"which":[131],"increases":[132],"annotation":[133,189],"burden,":[134],"computational":[135],"cost,":[136],"susceptibility":[138],"to":[139,147],"occlusion":[140],"identity":[142,198],"errors.":[143],"Recent":[144],"pig-specific":[145],"modifications":[146],"YOLO,":[148],"transformer-inspired,":[149],"tracking":[152],"models":[153],"have":[154],"improved":[155],"performance":[156],"attention":[158],"mechanisms,":[159],"multi-scale":[160],"feature":[161],"fusion,":[162],"occlusion-aware":[163],"regression,":[164],"convolution,":[166],"detector-tracker":[168],"coupling.":[169],"However,":[170],"high":[171],"reported":[172],"accuracies":[173],"often":[174],"reflect":[175],"controlled":[176],"datasets":[177],"rather":[178],"than":[179],"commercial":[180],"robustness.":[181],"Critical":[182],"barriers":[183],"include":[184],"limited":[185],"multi-farm":[186],"validation,":[187],"inconsistent":[188],"rules,":[192],"insufficient":[193],"anomaly-detection":[194],"thresholds,":[195],"weak":[196],"long-term":[197],"preservation,":[199],"hardware":[201],"constraints":[202],"edge":[204],"deployment.":[205],"Future":[206],"efforts":[207],"should":[208],"prioritize":[209],"developing":[210],"standardized":[211],"benchmarks,":[212],"grounded":[214],"metrics,":[216],"explainable":[217],"domain-adaptive":[219],"intelligence,":[221],"edge-ready":[223],"architectures":[224],"convert":[226],"outputs":[228],"into":[229],"interpretable":[230],"management":[231],"alerts.":[232],"This":[233],"review":[234],"provides":[235],"deployment-oriented":[237],"framework":[238],"advancing":[240],"from":[243],"experimental":[244],"behavior":[245],"recognition":[246],"scalable":[248],"decision":[253],"support":[254],"systems.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-07-28T00:00:00"}
