{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164403677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","title":"\u201cPlease, mind the gap\u201d: A narrative review on digitalization gaps and barriers in the livestock sector","display_name":"\u201cPlease, mind the gap\u201d: A narrative review on digitalization gaps and barriers in the livestock sector","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164403677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029913445","display_name":"Anna H. Stygar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-2847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3017910207","display_name":"Natural Resources Institute Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/02hb7bm88","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207","https://openalex.org/I4210153464"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anna Stygar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioeconomy and Environment, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-2847","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioeconomy and Environment, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102910654","display_name":"Jarkko Niemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6747-7821"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jarkko K. Niemi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138419294","display_name":"Tomas Norton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomas Norton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003895560","display_name":"Halid Kayhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8913-7809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801944697","display_name":"Evangelical Theological Faculty","ror":"https://ror.org/053e9nw85","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801944697"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halid Kayhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for IT & IP Law (CiTiP), Faculty of Law and Criminology, KU Leuven, Sint-Michielsstraat, 6 box, 3443, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for IT & IP Law (CiTiP), Faculty of Law and Criminology, KU Leuven, Sint-Michielsstraat, 6 box, 3443, 3000 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801944697"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138445698","display_name":"Ana Maria Correa Harcus","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Maria Correa Harcus","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075592935","display_name":"Cl\u00e9ment Allain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113835","display_name":"Institut de l\u2019Elevage","ror":"https://ror.org/01csjkt09","country_code":"FR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113835"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clement Allain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de l\u2019Elevage, 149 rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de l\u2019Elevage, 149 rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113835"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005903751","display_name":"Adrien Lebreton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-3292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113835","display_name":"Institut de l\u2019Elevage","ror":"https://ror.org/01csjkt09","country_code":"FR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113835"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrien Lebreton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de l\u2019Elevage, 149 rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de l\u2019Elevage, 149 rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113835"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086808585","display_name":"Vasileios Anestis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4260-1763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasileios Anestis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Farm Structures, Department of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Farm Structures, Department of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138468039","display_name":"Thomas Bartzanas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Bartzanas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Farm Structures, Department of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Farm Structures, Department of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028322728","display_name":"Sotiria Vouraki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4339-2051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sotiria Vouraki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Animal Production, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi 47100 Arta, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Animal Production, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi 47100 Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129033356","display_name":"Georgios Arsenos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Arsenos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Animal Production and Environmental Protection, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Animal Production and Environmental Protection, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138422727","display_name":"Matti Pastell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3017910207","display_name":"Natural Resources Institute Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/02hb7bm88","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207","https://openalex.org/I4210153464"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Pastell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029913445"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207"],"apc_list":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"apc_paid":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75376884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"251","issue":null,"first_page":"112013","last_page":"112013"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13036","display_name":"Veterinary Practice and Education Studies","score":0.09539999812841415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13036","display_name":"Veterinary Practice and Education Studies","score":0.09539999812841415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.057999998331069946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12486","display_name":"Food Supply Chain Traceability","score":0.030700000002980232,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/livestock","display_name":"Livestock","score":0.5943999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative-review","display_name":"Narrative review","score":0.5792999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.5655999779701233}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459","display_name":"Livestock","level":2,"score":0.5943999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.5792999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4138000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3596000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/788050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/788050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers And Electronics In Agriculture, vol. 251, Art.No. 112013","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7979654374","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101134866","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032248559","https://openalex.org/W2044722961","https://openalex.org/W2113641261","https://openalex.org/W2158016178","https://openalex.org/W2174081354","https://openalex.org/W2766929029","https://openalex.org/W2781689834","https://openalex.org/W2922574358","https://openalex.org/W2940891906","https://openalex.org/W2964306330","https://openalex.org/W2969284113","https://openalex.org/W3006889234","https://openalex.org/W3007163037","https://openalex.org/W3014322204","https://openalex.org/W3036027365","https://openalex.org/W3095032605","https://openalex.org/W3100991503","https://openalex.org/W3108166994","https://openalex.org/W3117315715","https://openalex.org/W3124374929","https://openalex.org/W3128972826","https://openalex.org/W3143796132","https://openalex.org/W3162552700","https://openalex.org/W3180162433","https://openalex.org/W3186892444","https://openalex.org/W3196782178","https://openalex.org/W3211388830","https://openalex.org/W4200068132","https://openalex.org/W4200411004","https://openalex.org/W4206840052","https://openalex.org/W4210551306","https://openalex.org/W4237278798","https://openalex.org/W4283220273","https://openalex.org/W4283316896","https://openalex.org/W4285088136","https://openalex.org/W4288038412","https://openalex.org/W4303579711","https://openalex.org/W4306774319","https://openalex.org/W4306843043","https://openalex.org/W4307256501","https://openalex.org/W4385707598","https://openalex.org/W4386601538","https://openalex.org/W4394593800","https://openalex.org/W4400143306","https://openalex.org/W4402059687","https://openalex.org/W4402409919","https://openalex.org/W4402519024","https://openalex.org/W4403098008","https://openalex.org/W4405253216","https://openalex.org/W4405449225","https://openalex.org/W4405825117","https://openalex.org/W4407727689","https://openalex.org/W4408308504","https://openalex.org/W4408613857","https://openalex.org/W4408825570","https://openalex.org/W4414274342","https://openalex.org/W4414513542","https://openalex.org/W4415897435","https://openalex.org/W4417490806","https://openalex.org/W7128508263"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,13,77,169],"livestock":[1,39,94],"sector":[2],"generates":[3],"large":[4],"volumes":[5],"of":[6,20,38,79,87,158,194,229,245],"data;":[7],"however,":[8],"these":[9,127,138,159],"data":[10,49,70,74,112,118,148,177,215],"remain":[11],"underutilized.":[12],"Data":[14,18,41,170,235],"Governance":[15],"Act,":[16],"the":[17,21,234],"Act":[19,171,236],"EU,":[22],"and":[23,32,36,45,72,91,114,116,120,150,154,192,199,206,221,242],"recent":[24],"technological":[25],"advances,":[26],"provide":[27,84],"an":[28,85,222],"opportunity":[29],"to":[30,55,69,83,166,209,231],"automate":[31],"improve":[33],"collection,":[34],"integration,":[35],"use":[37],"data.":[40],"spaces,":[42],"as":[43,183],"secure":[44],"interoperable":[46],"environments":[47],"for":[48,176,239],"sharing,":[50,178],"offer":[51],"a":[52,123,141,173,225],"promising":[53],"framework":[54],"support":[56],"this":[57,60,80],"transformation.":[58],"However,":[59],"can":[61],"only":[62],"be":[63,130],"achieved":[64],"by":[65],"removing":[66],"implementation":[67],"barriers":[68,90],"sharing":[71],"new":[73],"generating":[75],"technologies.":[76],"aim":[78],"paper":[81],"is":[82,164],"overview":[86],"key":[88],"digitalization":[89],"gaps":[92,128,139,205],"in":[93],"sector.":[95],"We":[96,134],"synthesized":[97],"existing":[98],"knowledge":[99],"across":[100],"five":[101],"topics:":[102],"1)":[103],"interoperability,":[104],"2)":[105],"economic":[106],"viability,":[107],"3)":[108],"technical":[109],"skills,":[110],"4)":[111],"privacy":[113],"security,":[115],"5)":[117],"robustness":[119],"quality.":[121],"Finally,":[122],"narrative":[124],"on":[125,224],"how":[126],"could":[129],"bridged":[131],"was":[132],"provided.":[133],"argue":[135],"that":[136],"bridging":[137],"requires":[140],"holistic":[142],"approach":[143],"combining":[144],"training,":[145],"trust":[146],"building,":[147],"governance,":[149],"collaboration.":[151],"EU-level":[152],"initiatives":[153],"projects":[155],"address":[156],"some":[157],"areas,":[160],"but":[161],"better":[162],"coordination":[163],"needed":[165],"maximize":[167],"impact.":[168],"provides":[172],"regulatory":[174],"foundation":[175],"yet":[179],"its":[180,184],"limitations,":[181],"such":[182],"horizontal":[185],"nature,":[186],"narrowly":[187],"defined":[188],"or":[189],"unclear":[190],"terms":[191],"exclusion":[193],"insights":[195],"derived":[196],"from":[197],"product":[198],"related":[200],"service":[201],"data,":[202],"leave":[203],"critical":[204],"may":[207],"lead":[208],"legal":[210],"disputes.":[211],"To":[212],"overcome":[213],"persistent":[214],"lock-in,":[216],"proactive":[217],"negotiation,":[218],"public":[219],"APIs,":[220],"update":[223],"voluntary":[226],"industry":[227],"code":[228],"conduct":[230],"align":[232],"with":[233],"are":[237],"essential":[238],"fostering":[240],"transparency":[241],"accelerating":[243],"adoption":[244],"digital":[246],"solutions.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2026-06-12T00:00:00"}