{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147430040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2026.112287","title":"Sparsity is not an obstacle: An accurate and efficient IP geolocation framework based on Graph Transformer","display_name":"Sparsity is not an obstacle: An accurate and efficient IP geolocation framework based on Graph Transformer","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147430040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2026.112287"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2026.112287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2026.112287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63392143","display_name":"Computer Networks","issn_l":"1389-1286","issn":["1389-1286","1872-7069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132723651","display_name":"Zhiyang Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8526-8914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062817681","display_name":"Ruixiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6046-1624"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruixiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132698171","display_name":"Shichang Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shichang Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132694152","display_name":"Xiangyang Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, Zhengzhou, 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, Zhengzhou, 450001, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5132698171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2460},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30446164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"282","issue":null,"first_page":"112287","last_page":"112287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.3628000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.3628000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.08100000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.06939999759197235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"Geolocation","score":0.9172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.3752000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-awareness","display_name":"Location awareness","score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.32910001277923584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22041718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638949","display_name":"Geolocation","level":2,"score":0.9172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8514000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.3752000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776104089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15894079","display_name":"Location awareness","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94022561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172393","display_name":"Goodput","level":4,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.2994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75564084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597085","display_name":"Graph embedding","level":3,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985371682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11135","display_name":"Ip address","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169827030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294516","display_name":"Dual graph","level":4,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2026.112287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2026.112287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63392143","display_name":"Computer Networks","issn_l":"1389-1286","issn":["1389-1286","1872-7069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7975397109985352,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2561443256","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"221111321200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4169049969","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB3102900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5617106953","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"254000510007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5848363600","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7817342302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20305","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8503653758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"254000510007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327776","funder_display_name":"Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327776","display_name":"Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2009217060","https://openalex.org/W2115819049","https://openalex.org/W2132878099","https://openalex.org/W2150184511","https://openalex.org/W2623253500","https://openalex.org/W2899160580","https://openalex.org/W3023923584","https://openalex.org/W3157877258","https://openalex.org/W3165484655","https://openalex.org/W3173091431","https://openalex.org/W3196261868","https://openalex.org/W3205909056","https://openalex.org/W3208268566","https://openalex.org/W4290943610","https://openalex.org/W4385567993","https://openalex.org/W4385568242","https://openalex.org/W4389313086","https://openalex.org/W4389365326","https://openalex.org/W4389514679","https://openalex.org/W4393219177","https://openalex.org/W4399469388","https://openalex.org/W4401108938","https://openalex.org/W4403320295","https://openalex.org/W4403721597","https://openalex.org/W4403977002","https://openalex.org/W4404035348","https://openalex.org/W4405531876","https://openalex.org/W4405907370","https://openalex.org/W4406158037","https://openalex.org/W4406728495","https://openalex.org/W4407360690","https://openalex.org/W4408304291","https://openalex.org/W4408441875","https://openalex.org/W4409130030","https://openalex.org/W4410989911","https://openalex.org/W4412043538","https://openalex.org/W4413011751","https://openalex.org/W4413155077","https://openalex.org/W4414605578","https://openalex.org/W7081969147","https://openalex.org/W7108224373"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}