{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116288587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","title":"Biomarker discovery study design consistent with the receiver-operator characteristic","display_name":"Biomarker discovery study design consistent with the receiver-operator characteristic","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116288587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41442986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138959710","display_name":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","issn_l":"0169-2607","issn":["0169-2607","1872-7565"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120881962","display_name":"Joakim Ekstr\u00f6m","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800139495","display_name":"Science for Life Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04ev03g22","country_code":"SE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joakim Ekstr\u00f6m","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495","https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024695519","display_name":"Ivaylo Stoimenov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2133-7396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800139495","display_name":"Science for Life Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04ev03g22","country_code":"SE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivaylo Stoimenov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495","https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070954814","display_name":"Jim \u00d6gren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5717-8577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800139495","display_name":"Science for Life Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04ev03g22","country_code":"SE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim \u00c5kerr\u00e9n \u00d6gren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495","https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012982051","display_name":"Tobias Sj\u00f6blom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-4140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800139495","display_name":"Science for Life Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04ev03g22","country_code":"SE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Sj\u00f6blom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: tobias.sjoblom@igp.uu.se"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-4140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: tobias.sjoblom@igp.uu.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800139495","https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012982051"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679","https://openalex.org/I2800139495"],"apc_list":{"value":2880,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2880},"apc_paid":{"value":2880,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2880},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73520566,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"276","issue":null,"first_page":"109215","last_page":"109215"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.27630001306533813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.27630001306533813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12867","display_name":"Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications","score":0.09300000220537186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.03500000014901161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarker-discovery","display_name":"Biomarker discovery","score":0.7235000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarker","display_name":"Biomarker","score":0.6575999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical trial","score":0.2639999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124535831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915074","display_name":"Biomarker discovery","level":4,"score":0.7235000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.6575999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5737000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.462799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984917352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12772819","display_name":"Scientific discovery","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014408","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers, Tumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014408","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers, Tumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138959710","display_name":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","issn_l":"0169-2607","issn":["0169-2607","1872-7565"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41442986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41442986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer methods and programs in biomedicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-576569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-576569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.109215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138959710","display_name":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","issn_l":"0169-2607","issn":["0169-2607","1872-7565"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1255448408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAN 2018/772","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321491","funder_display_name":"Cancerfonden"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1563873096","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAN 21-0430-PT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321491","funder_display_name":"Cancerfonden"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1838983628","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024 3831 Pj","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321491","funder_display_name":"Cancerfonden"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5230016446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024-11-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316771","funder_display_name":"Sj\u00f6bergstiftelsen"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316771","display_name":"Sj\u00f6bergstiftelsen","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321491","display_name":"Cancerfonden","ror":"https://ror.org/0527jb766"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985354563","https://openalex.org/W2005006257","https://openalex.org/W2039809309","https://openalex.org/W2052832896","https://openalex.org/W2130163542","https://openalex.org/W2328176404","https://openalex.org/W2593199818","https://openalex.org/W2783674487","https://openalex.org/W2791209104","https://openalex.org/W2899308020","https://openalex.org/W3006514782","https://openalex.org/W3044049599","https://openalex.org/W3135586946","https://openalex.org/W3196108010","https://openalex.org/W4210494925","https://openalex.org/W4229065849","https://openalex.org/W4231312717","https://openalex.org/W4240197131","https://openalex.org/W4327622430","https://openalex.org/W4384155251","https://openalex.org/W4386457661","https://openalex.org/W4386758198","https://openalex.org/W4391755442","https://openalex.org/W4392100806","https://openalex.org/W4392744338","https://openalex.org/W4393251590","https://openalex.org/W4395692608","https://openalex.org/W4399366155","https://openalex.org/W4400871954","https://openalex.org/W4411920235"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"OBJECTIVE:":[2],"The":[3,31,132,150,235],"field":[4],"of":[5,14,19,44,121,140,190,241],"early":[6],"biomarker":[7,63,105,165,247],"discovery":[8,64,106],"is":[9,35,135],"characterized":[10],"by":[11,98],"a":[12,36,68,73,80,88,104,153,168,180,194],"lack":[13],"consensus":[15],"on":[16,72,117],"the":[17,42,84,99,115,118,124,162,202,216,221,231],"choice":[18],"statistical":[20,125],"methodology,":[21],"which":[22,191],"may":[23],"impede":[24],"later":[25],"progress":[26],"towards":[27],"clinically":[28],"useful":[29],"biomarkers.":[30],"Receiver-Operator":[32],"Characteristic":[33],"(ROC)":[34],"de":[37],"facto":[38],"standard":[39],"for":[40,250],"determining":[41],"performance":[43],"In":[45,50,172],"Vitro":[46],"Diagnostic":[47],"(IVD)":[48],"devices.":[49],"this":[51],"study,":[52],"we":[53,102,184,192],"aimed":[54],"to":[55,83,113,156,161],"systematically":[56],"identify":[57,215],"and":[58,66,95,127,145,224],"mitigate":[59],"prevalent":[60],"pitfalls":[61],"in":[62,177,196,252],"efforts":[65],"propose":[67],"best-practice":[69],"guideline":[70],"based":[71],"ROC":[74,100],"analysis":[75,97,176,205],"framework.":[76],"METHODS:":[77],"By":[78],"maintaining":[79],"careful":[81],"alignment":[82],"study":[85,92,122],"objectives":[86],"through":[87],"sample":[89,128],"procurement":[90],"plan,":[91],"size":[93],"determination":[94],"data":[96,139],"framework,":[101],"formulated":[103],"protocol.":[107],"We":[108],"performed":[109],"Monte":[110],"Carlo":[111],"simulations":[112],"inform":[114],"investigator":[116],"suitable":[119],"number":[120],"participants,":[123],"power":[126],"bin":[129],"allocation":[130],"strategy.":[131],"main":[133],"concept":[134],"illustrated":[136],"using":[137,201],"proteomic":[138,204],"newly":[141],"diagnosed":[142],"cancer":[143],"cases":[144],"concurrent":[146],"external":[147],"controls.":[148],"RESULTS:":[149],"work":[151],"demonstrates":[152],"regulatory-adherent":[154],"pipeline":[155],"achieve":[157],"an":[158,197],"effect":[159],"superior":[160],"current":[163],"best":[164],"used":[166,209],"as":[167],"predicate":[169],"medical":[170],"device.":[171],"our":[173],"proof-of-concept":[174],"ROC-based":[175,232],"samples":[178],"from":[179,220],"publicly":[181],"available":[182],"dataset,":[183],"detected":[185],"statistically":[186],"significant":[187],"composite":[188,218],"biomarkers,":[189],"validated":[193],"subset":[195],"independent":[198],"dataset":[199],"acquired":[200],"same":[203,217,222],"method.":[206],"Intriguingly,":[207],"commonly":[208],"feature":[210],"selection":[211],"methods":[212],"do":[213],"not":[214],"biomarkers":[219],"data,":[223],"their":[225],"selections":[226],"show":[227],"limited":[228],"overlap":[229],"with":[230],"analysis.":[233],"CONCLUSION:":[234],"proposed":[236],"approach":[237],"can":[238],"facilitate":[239],"translation":[240],"scientific":[242],"discoveries":[243],"into":[244],"regulatory":[245],"approved":[246],"tests":[248],"fit":[249],"use":[251],"clinical":[253],"medicine.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-12-21T00:00:00"}
