{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7153608273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2026.112024","title":"Enhancing fire evacuation safety in metro stations: multi-agent reinforcement learning-guided dynamic signage coordination","display_name":"Enhancing fire evacuation safety in metro stations: multi-agent reinforcement learning-guided dynamic signage coordination","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7153608273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2026.112024"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cie.2026.112024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2026.112024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196821226","display_name":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","issn_l":"0360-8352","issn":["0360-8352","1879-0550"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124767217","display_name":"Botao Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Botao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1740-8809","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133427161","display_name":"Shuzhi Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuzhi Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069508181","display_name":"Q Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qihua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4701-4533","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133425164","display_name":"Shuaidong Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162623","display_name":"Datang Telecom Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/050rf2257","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162623"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaidong Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Lab, Beijing DataCanvas Technology Co., Ltd, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Lab, Beijing DataCanvas Technology Co., Ltd, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082392291","display_name":"Tie-Qiao Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tie-Qiao Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3730-0819","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354631","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-8233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051747562","display_name":"Xianfei Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8270-8632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianfei Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020290933","display_name":"Huaguo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-8163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17523332","display_name":"Hong Kong Productivity Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00p6ghq98","country_code":"HK","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17523332"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaguo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Manufacturing Division, Hong Kong Productivity Council, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Manufacturing Division, Hong Kong Productivity Council, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17523332"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022483751","display_name":"C. Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8780-7220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan-Zhi Thomas Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069508181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":{"value":3310,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3310},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80601093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"217","issue":null,"first_page":"112024","last_page":"112024"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13689","display_name":"Underground infrastructure and sustainability","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signage","display_name":"Signage","score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.593500018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefighting","display_name":"Firefighting","score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-protection","display_name":"Fire protection","score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-evacuation","display_name":"Emergency evacuation","score":0.399399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard","display_name":"Hazard","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114938261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211272","display_name":"Signage","level":2,"score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.593500018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5013999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557531904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897825","display_name":"Firefighting","level":2,"score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122156500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41399","display_name":"Fire protection","level":2,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778309149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q606332","display_name":"Emergency evacuation","level":2,"score":0.399399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.36239999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30795975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282744","display_name":"Obsolescence","level":2,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506469952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181467","display_name":"Homeland security","level":3,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207512268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074551","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62555980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460420","display_name":"Emergency management","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987755307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997557","display_name":"Fire hazard","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cie.2026.112024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2026.112024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196821226","display_name":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","issn_l":"0360-8352","issn":["0360-8352","1879-0550"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1673306820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72171006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3193066141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72231001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3215747633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025A1515010190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W384762162","https://openalex.org/W1976042054","https://openalex.org/W1999221817","https://openalex.org/W2012929033","https://openalex.org/W2020276315","https://openalex.org/W2038967117","https://openalex.org/W2064979747","https://openalex.org/W2069698884","https://openalex.org/W2073104694","https://openalex.org/W2074230414","https://openalex.org/W2082301371","https://openalex.org/W2138890315","https://openalex.org/W2167052694","https://openalex.org/W2517866598","https://openalex.org/W2767906581","https://openalex.org/W2905898036","https://openalex.org/W2909608706","https://openalex.org/W2913819806","https://openalex.org/W2948349612","https://openalex.org/W3004226471","https://openalex.org/W3006359196","https://openalex.org/W3011842520","https://openalex.org/W3083024764","https://openalex.org/W3089495302","https://openalex.org/W3092159922","https://openalex.org/W3132202139","https://openalex.org/W3133679620","https://openalex.org/W3177651640","https://openalex.org/W3207903065","https://openalex.org/W3213718239","https://openalex.org/W4200387738","https://openalex.org/W4206071945","https://openalex.org/W4287889586","https://openalex.org/W4289222458","https://openalex.org/W4291109944","https://openalex.org/W4293497145","https://openalex.org/W4310014466","https://openalex.org/W4311376916","https://openalex.org/W4317357941","https://openalex.org/W4317555482","https://openalex.org/W4319316202","https://openalex.org/W4384519086","https://openalex.org/W4385249991","https://openalex.org/W4389817600","https://openalex.org/W4390415015","https://openalex.org/W4391019527","https://openalex.org/W4391264906","https://openalex.org/W4391998642","https://openalex.org/W4392877555","https://openalex.org/W4396680644","https://openalex.org/W4396758988","https://openalex.org/W4400146840","https://openalex.org/W4401941067","https://openalex.org/W4403503756","https://openalex.org/W4405303977","https://openalex.org/W4408264335","https://openalex.org/W4409124078","https://openalex.org/W4409814241","https://openalex.org/W4410503211","https://openalex.org/W4411678958","https://openalex.org/W4412450263","https://openalex.org/W4412795647","https://openalex.org/W4413143123","https://openalex.org/W4413212159","https://openalex.org/W4413481164","https://openalex.org/W4414093881","https://openalex.org/W4415535246","https://openalex.org/W7126074837"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2026-04-12T00:00:00"}