{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131264695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2026.117524","title":"A new strong equilibrium of multi-leader-multi-follower games: Characterization and essential stability","display_name":"A new strong equilibrium of multi-leader-multi-follower games: Characterization and essential stability","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131264695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2026.117524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cam.2026.117524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2026.117524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165473669","display_name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0377-0427","issn":["0377-0427","1879-1778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043749719","display_name":"yunbing li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-1722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115146","display_name":"Guizhou Electromechanical Research and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy8fk80","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunbing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Statistics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China","Guizhou Provincal Key Laboratory of Game Decision and Control System, Guiyang, 550025, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Statistics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincal Key Laboratory of Game Decision and Control System, Guiyang, 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115765610","display_name":"Wensheng Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115146","display_name":"Guizhou Electromechanical Research and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy8fk80","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wensheng Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Statistics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China","Guizhou Provincal Key Laboratory of Game Decision and Control System, Guiyang, 550025, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Statistics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincal Key Laboratory of Game Decision and Control System, Guiyang, 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126673779","display_name":"Shuwen Xiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115146","display_name":"Guizhou Electromechanical Research and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy8fk80","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuwen Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Statistics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China","Guizhou Provincal Key Laboratory of Game Decision and Control System, Guiyang, 550025, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Statistics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincal Key Laboratory of Game Decision and Control System, Guiyang, 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115765610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147","https://openalex.org/I4210115146"],"apc_list":{"value":3040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3040},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67114258,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"484","issue":null,"first_page":"117524","last_page":"117524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.4950999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.4950999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.16500000655651093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.06350000202655792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.6753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5134000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solution-set","display_name":"Solution set","score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solution-concept","display_name":"Solution concept","score":0.39239999651908875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8267999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.6753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5134000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.48809999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60033838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751685","display_name":"Solution set","level":3,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4072999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11343654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780008","display_name":"Solution concept","level":3,"score":0.39239999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364799","display_name":"Tian","level":2,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196773441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475294","display_name":"Maximal element","level":3,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201364048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897085","display_name":"Sequential equilibrium","level":5,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164407509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384490","display_name":"Equilibrium selection","level":4,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993812969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530271","display_name":"Equilibrium solution","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73586568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2600211","display_name":"Parameter space","level":2,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131157278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51363","display_name":"Thermodynamic equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94766913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530271","display_name":"Equilibrium point","level":3,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776548862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2694495","display_name":"Existence theorem","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cam.2026.117524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2026.117524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165473669","display_name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0377-0427","issn":["0377-0427","1879-1778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4552334249019623,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979546961","https://openalex.org/W1987253423","https://openalex.org/W2006524889","https://openalex.org/W2007941711","https://openalex.org/W2015408893","https://openalex.org/W2018431058","https://openalex.org/W2021108548","https://openalex.org/W2041532617","https://openalex.org/W2043830160","https://openalex.org/W2052053468","https://openalex.org/W2056332883","https://openalex.org/W2070394913","https://openalex.org/W2074942147","https://openalex.org/W2079389141","https://openalex.org/W2095261215","https://openalex.org/W2099213794","https://openalex.org/W2133852398","https://openalex.org/W2157007789","https://openalex.org/W2164498579","https://openalex.org/W2165506770","https://openalex.org/W2221422665","https://openalex.org/W2493238591","https://openalex.org/W2912497344","https://openalex.org/W3027618825","https://openalex.org/W4221157020","https://openalex.org/W4236123449","https://openalex.org/W4312427629","https://openalex.org/W4386992738","https://openalex.org/W4387431475"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-03T06:13:14.889584","created_date":"2026-02-25T00:00:00"}
