{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164537022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","title":"GS-SVIR: 3D Gaussian Splatting for inverse rendering with spatially varying illumination","display_name":"GS-SVIR: 3D Gaussian Splatting for inverse rendering with spatially varying illumination","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164537022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94821547","display_name":"Computers & Graphics","issn_l":"0097-8493","issn":["0097-8493","1873-7684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052928440","display_name":"Gaofeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0536-7226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaofeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, School of Software Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, School of Software Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138531651","display_name":"Jixing Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jixing Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422","https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138532868","display_name":"Haohao Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haohao Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422","https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101755674","display_name":"Wenming Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0640-8520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenming Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422","https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070592633","display_name":"Liping Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-9628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92178344","display_name":"Anhui University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02qdtrq21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92178344"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liping Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, China","Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92178344"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422","https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070592633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422","https://openalex.org/I39774598","https://openalex.org/I92178344"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":36.386,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99517607,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"138","issue":null,"first_page":"104661","last_page":"104661"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.6036999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.6036999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.1062999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.06440000236034393,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5860999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-based-modeling-and-rendering","display_name":"Image-based modeling and rendering","score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-rendering","display_name":"3D rendering","score":0.29649999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7475000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6468999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6031000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5860999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44185422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002064","display_name":"Image-based modeling and rendering","level":3,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36816356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16911860","display_name":"3D rendering","level":3,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116921373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2816483","display_name":"Real-time rendering","level":3,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65892221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1113935","display_name":"Gaussian filter","level":3,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94821547","display_name":"Computers & Graphics","issn_l":"0097-8493","issn":["0097-8493","1873-7684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2026.104661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94821547","display_name":"Computers & Graphics","issn_l":"0097-8493","issn":["0097-8493","1873-7684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063087073","https://openalex.org/W2104587129","https://openalex.org/W2165916500","https://openalex.org/W3009953436","https://openalex.org/W3175488633","https://openalex.org/W3177075874","https://openalex.org/W3195620846","https://openalex.org/W3204455502","https://openalex.org/W3215927878","https://openalex.org/W4312950208","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4386076318","https://openalex.org/W4390873356","https://openalex.org/W4400580573","https://openalex.org/W4402704577","https://openalex.org/W4404524696","https://openalex.org/W4411203532","https://openalex.org/W4413146954","https://openalex.org/W4415538922","https://openalex.org/W7160048684"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Inverse":[0],"rendering":[1,57,119,190],"is":[2,72],"widely":[3],"used":[4],"in":[5,98,108,183,189],"digital":[6],"twins,":[7],"virtual":[8],"asset":[9],"generation,":[10],"and":[11,43,112,166,187],"VR/AR.":[12],"When":[13],"reconstructing":[14],"scene":[15,90],"illumination,":[16],"predominant":[17],"methods":[18],"rely":[19],"on":[20,170],"environment":[21,106],"maps,":[22],"which":[23,87,157],"simplify":[24],"illumination":[25,91,133,143],"into":[26],"a":[27,54,81,93,126],"distant":[28],"uniform":[29],"source,":[30],"struggling":[31],"to":[32,116,193],"accurately":[33],"model":[34],"spatially":[35,66,110],"varying":[36,67,111],"effects.":[37],"Inspired":[38],"by":[39,144],"the":[40,63,89,103,135,160,163],"rapid":[41],"development":[42],"representational":[44],"power":[45],"of":[46,65,95,105,162,181],"3D":[47,96],"Gaussian":[48,136],"Splatting":[49],"(3DGS),":[50],"we":[51,79,124,139],"propose":[52],"GS-SVIR,":[53],"novel":[55,82],"inverse":[56],"framework":[58,71],"that":[59,130,174],"leverages":[60],"3DGS":[61],"for":[62,141],"modeling":[64,109],"illumination.":[68],"The":[69],"proposed":[70],"structured":[73],"around":[74],"three":[75],"main":[76],"parts.":[77],"Firstly,":[78],"introduce":[80],"lighting":[83,122,148],"representation":[84],"termed":[85],"\u201dGaussian-emitter,\u201d":[86],"models":[88],"as":[92],"collection":[94],"Gaussians":[97],"space,":[99],"thereby":[100],"effectively":[101],"overcoming":[102],"limitation":[104],"maps":[107],"near-field":[113],"lighting.":[114,167],"Secondly,":[115],"enable":[117],"high-fidelity":[118],"under":[120],"this":[121],"model,":[123],"employ":[125],"differentiable":[127],"ray":[128],"tracer":[129],"calculates":[131],"direct":[132],"from":[134],"emitters.":[137],"Thirdly,":[138],"account":[140],"global":[142],"approximating":[145],"multiple-bounce":[146],"indirect":[147],"using":[149],"spherical":[150],"harmonics":[151],"coefficients":[152],"stored":[153],"within":[154],"each":[155],"Gaussian,":[156],"significantly":[158],"enhances":[159],"realism":[161],"reconstructed":[164],"materials":[165],"Experimental":[168],"results":[169],"benchmark":[171],"datasets":[172],"demonstrate":[173],"our":[175],"method":[176],"achieves":[177],"an":[178],"average":[179],"improvement":[180],"4%":[182],"material":[184],"reconstruction":[185],"accuracy":[186],"3%":[188],"quality":[191],"compared":[192],"environment-map-based":[194],"methods.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2026-06-13T00:00:00"}
