{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401358446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","title":"A review on deep anomaly detection in blockchain","display_name":"A review on deep anomaly detection in blockchain","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401358446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050641685","display_name":"Oussama Mounnan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088687","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Ibn Zohr","ror":"https://ror.org/006sgpv47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48825208","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris 8","ror":"https://ror.org/04wez5e68","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}],"countries":["FR","MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oussama Mounnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France","LabSi Laboratory, Ibn Zohr University, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8276-5282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I48825208"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabSi Laboratory, Ibn Zohr University, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038781263","display_name":"Otman Manad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-4666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48825208","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris 8","ror":"https://ror.org/04wez5e68","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Otman Manad","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-4666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074810075","display_name":"Larbi Boubchir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-6801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48825208","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris 8","ror":"https://ror.org/04wez5e68","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Larbi Boubchir","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-6801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089447839","display_name":"Abdelkrim El Mouatasim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9947-1408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088687","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Ibn Zohr","ror":"https://ror.org/006sgpv47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelkrim El Mouatasim","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabSi Laboratory, Ibn Zohr University, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9947-1408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabSi Laboratory, Ibn Zohr University, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044161230","display_name":"Boubaker Da\u00e2chi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8910-517X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48825208","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris 8","ror":"https://ror.org/04wez5e68","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boubaker Daachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8910-517X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIASD research Lab., University of Paris 8, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I48825208"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074810075"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I48825208"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1600},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1600},"fwci":6.6889,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97197726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"100227","last_page":"100227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.8366975784301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7935970425605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6996102333068848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6076247096061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.5176944732666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.48837679624557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.47008562088012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.42446768283843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4120539128780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.377861887216568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.8366975784301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7935970425605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6996102333068848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6076247096061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.5176944732666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.48837679624557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.47008562088012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42446768283843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4120539128780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.377861887216568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a2b053ae3a214c768e54dcb2ba008190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a2b053ae3a214c768e54dcb2ba008190","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 100227- (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":166,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162076806","https://openalex.org/W1242748811","https://openalex.org/W1637818300","https://openalex.org/W1995443851","https://openalex.org/W1996118086","https://openalex.org/W1999466943","https://openalex.org/W2000661457","https://openalex.org/W2013619732","https://openalex.org/W2015887370","https://openalex.org/W2022932831","https://openalex.org/W2023442959","https://openalex.org/W2026493302","https://openalex.org/W2027666102","https://openalex.org/W2056081083","https://openalex.org/W2062112832","https://openalex.org/W2089554624","https://openalex.org/W2104933073","https://openalex.org/W2105769939","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2116702209","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2127612127","https://openalex.org/W2128965734","https://openalex.org/W2144182447","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2164509805","https://openalex.org/W2282861635","https://openalex.org/W2517744317","https://openalex.org/W2558748708","https://openalex.org/W2604528753","https://openalex.org/W2741406507","https://openalex.org/W2741948238","https://openalex.org/W2744032385","https://openalex.org/W2772486733","https://openalex.org/W2799827709","https://openalex.org/W2809317444","https://openalex.org/W2883730160","https://openalex.org/W2884073331","https://openalex.org/W2884618751","https://openalex.org/W2889894584","https://openalex.org/W2901598045","https://openalex.org/W2910723953","https://openalex.org/W2918245750","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2921674422","https://openalex.org/W2921751813","https://openalex.org/W2943517060","https://openalex.org/W2949848919","https://openalex.org/W2967111530","https://openalex.org/W2972132048","https://openalex.org/W2979611216","https://openalex.org/W2980759232","https://openalex.org/W2983941762","https://openalex.org/W2985171546","https://openalex.org/W2990561924","https://openalex.org/W2996613609","https://openalex.org/W3008074534","https://openalex.org/W3008668298","https://openalex.org/W3017174021","https://openalex.org/W3025400410","https://openalex.org/W3027660820","https://openalex.org/W3040266635","https://openalex.org/W3044251871","https://openalex.org/W3045814490","https://openalex.org/W3048017065","https://openalex.org/W3087349682","https://openalex.org/W3088495999","https://openalex.org/W3090576968","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3109381150","https://openalex.org/W3110705828","https://openalex.org/W3110827895","https://openalex.org/W3117672440","https://openalex.org/W3135550350","https://openalex.org/W3135740393","https://openalex.org/W3135775603","https://openalex.org/W3135985833","https://openalex.org/W3136154164","https://openalex.org/W3143466921","https://openalex.org/W3157999218","https://openalex.org/W3161687493","https://openalex.org/W3162672373","https://openalex.org/W3163429584","https://openalex.org/W3164119658","https://openalex.org/W3166549859","https://openalex.org/W3166720147","https://openalex.org/W3210652532","https://openalex.org/W3217810871","https://openalex.org/W4200174580","https://openalex.org/W4200629745","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4211263987","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4224231904","https://openalex.org/W4285190140","https://openalex.org/W4294609039","https://openalex.org/W4306645406","https://openalex.org/W4308037227","https://openalex.org/W4308529607","https://openalex.org/W4311447039","https://openalex.org/W4312597137","https://openalex.org/W4313554719","https://openalex.org/W4316037971","https://openalex.org/W4316664313","https://openalex.org/W4322721367","https://openalex.org/W4324007232","https://openalex.org/W4360861143","https://openalex.org/W4366415087","https://openalex.org/W4366677941","https://openalex.org/W4367465478","https://openalex.org/W4381279721","https://openalex.org/W4382809162","https://openalex.org/W4384787431","https://openalex.org/W4385080377","https://openalex.org/W4387496767","https://openalex.org/W6606549771","https://openalex.org/W6636836745","https://openalex.org/W6650437622","https://openalex.org/W6650751707","https://openalex.org/W6656610523","https://openalex.org/W6664806561","https://openalex.org/W6675634716","https://openalex.org/W6676004474","https://openalex.org/W6677452414","https://openalex.org/W6679183923","https://openalex.org/W6681651645","https://openalex.org/W6687328954","https://openalex.org/W6726548542","https://openalex.org/W6735544404","https://openalex.org/W6741922110","https://openalex.org/W6741928950","https://openalex.org/W6742290109","https://openalex.org/W6747043366","https://openalex.org/W6748793842","https://openalex.org/W6753000710","https://openalex.org/W6753124483","https://openalex.org/W6753169340","https://openalex.org/W6754375292","https://openalex.org/W6760326298","https://openalex.org/W6763986627","https://openalex.org/W6764251985","https://openalex.org/W6764431851","https://openalex.org/W6767421628","https://openalex.org/W6768876344","https://openalex.org/W6768903975","https://openalex.org/W6770015731","https://openalex.org/W6776742447","https://openalex.org/W6778142930","https://openalex.org/W6781194328","https://openalex.org/W6783881353","https://openalex.org/W6787143100","https://openalex.org/W6787762348","https://openalex.org/W6788544718","https://openalex.org/W6791255683","https://openalex.org/W6791725580","https://openalex.org/W6795638943","https://openalex.org/W6796061991","https://openalex.org/W6808837589","https://openalex.org/W6810003975","https://openalex.org/W6839314684","https://openalex.org/W6842450385","https://openalex.org/W6850313372","https://openalex.org/W6854197805","https://openalex.org/W6855365433","https://openalex.org/W6862438999","https://openalex.org/W7000524901"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4303984095","https://openalex.org/W2806741695","https://openalex.org/W4290647774","https://openalex.org/W3189286258","https://openalex.org/W3207797160","https://openalex.org/W3210364259","https://openalex.org/W4300558037","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W2667207928","https://openalex.org/W4377864969"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40],"last":[1],"few":[2],"years":[3],"have":[4],"witnessed":[5],"the":[6,27,43,67,75,140,149,159,188,191],"widespread":[7],"use":[8],"of":[9,21,45,74,112,130,152,163,170,190],"blockchain":[10,76,89,141],"technology":[11,77],"in":[12,19,139,168],"several":[13,145],"works,":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,34,42,63,194],"its":[17,79,85],"effectiveness":[18],"terms":[20],"privacy,":[22],"security,":[23],"and":[24,60,82,84,103,120,161,177,186],"trustworthiness.":[25],"However,":[26],"Cyber-attacks":[28],"challenges":[29,81,119],"represent":[30],"a":[31,128],"real":[32],"threat":[33],"systems":[35,44,86,116],"based":[36,183],"on":[37,49,66,184],"this":[38,125],"technology.":[39],"resort":[41],"anomaly":[46,55,114,137,153,197],"detection":[47,115,138,154],"focused":[48],"deep":[50,54,113,132],"learning,":[51],"also":[52,143],"called":[53],"detection,":[56],"is":[57],"an":[58,72,110],"appropriate":[59],"efficient":[61],"means":[62],"tackle":[64],"cyber-attacks":[65,90],"blockchain.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70],"provides":[71],"overview":[73,111],"concept,":[78],"characteristics,":[80],"limitations,":[83],"taxonomy.":[87],"Numerous":[88],"are":[91,174],"discussed":[92,158],"such":[93],"as":[94],"51%":[95],"attacks,":[96,99,102,105],"selfish":[97],"mining":[98],"double":[100],"spending":[101],"Sybil":[104],"etc.":[106],"Furthermore,":[107],"we":[108,157],"surveyed":[109],"with":[117,180],"their":[118],"unresolved":[121],"issues.":[122],"In":[123],"addition,":[124],"article":[126],"gives":[127],"glimpse":[129],"various":[131],"learning":[133,179],"approaches":[134,167,193],"implemented":[135],"for":[136],"environment,":[142],"presenting":[144],"methods":[146,182],"that":[147],"enhance":[148],"security":[150],"features":[151],"systems.":[155],"Finally,":[156],"benefits":[160],"drawbacks":[162],"these":[164],"recent":[165],"advanced":[166],"light":[169],"three":[171],"categories,":[172],"which":[173],"discriminative,":[175],"generative,":[176],"hybrid":[178],"other":[181],"graphs":[185],"highlighting":[187],"ability":[189],"proposed":[192],"perform":[195],"real-time":[196],"detection.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-17T08:19:37.847499","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}