{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294052477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","title":"WTEYE: On-chain wash trade detection and quantification for ERC20 cryptocurrencies","display_name":"WTEYE: On-chain wash trade detection and quantification for ERC20 cryptocurrencies","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294052477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076912232","display_name":"Wei Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-7887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090512","display_name":"Guangzhou Experimental Station","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2c2516","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107851509","https://openalex.org/I4210090512","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pazhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510330, China","School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-7887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pazhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510330, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082031764","display_name":"Cunnian Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunnian Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076912232"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090512","https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1600},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1600},"fwci":3.828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94193428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"100108","last_page":"100108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.9649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.6594100594520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-volume","display_name":"Trade volume","score":0.6324023008346558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.6190624833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.5742103457450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4617052674293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.42246460914611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.41984492540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commerce","display_name":"Commerce","score":0.39076846837997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"International trade","score":0.26026517152786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.23960691690444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.12866425514221191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.08288398385047913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.9649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.6594100594520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993324522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913748","display_name":"Trade volume","level":2,"score":0.6324023008346558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.6190624833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5742103457450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4617052674293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.42246460914611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.41984492540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.39076846837997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.26026517152786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23960691690444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.12866425514221191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08288398385047913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:59f10c2d6bbb48328f7c468866dd1fad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/59f10c2d6bbb48328f7c468866dd1fad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 100108- (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8800329077","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61873317","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G898544396","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273154","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1882794413","https://openalex.org/W2016647770","https://openalex.org/W2042442456","https://openalex.org/W2523675164","https://openalex.org/W2694190980","https://openalex.org/W2799610300","https://openalex.org/W2899541594","https://openalex.org/W2902579022","https://openalex.org/W2915066259","https://openalex.org/W2942351005","https://openalex.org/W3120227884","https://openalex.org/W3121546316","https://openalex.org/W3124171303","https://openalex.org/W3124620108","https://openalex.org/W3132857972","https://openalex.org/W3133379059","https://openalex.org/W3134196592","https://openalex.org/W3138401454","https://openalex.org/W3164114180","https://openalex.org/W3171221995","https://openalex.org/W3197092959","https://openalex.org/W4213069590","https://openalex.org/W4220798109","https://openalex.org/W4230067442","https://openalex.org/W4392847335","https://openalex.org/W6748498787","https://openalex.org/W6758776508","https://openalex.org/W6772483663","https://openalex.org/W6775314509","https://openalex.org/W6791408141","https://openalex.org/W6791440065","https://openalex.org/W6795214694","https://openalex.org/W6795855929","https://openalex.org/W6797427733","https://openalex.org/W6809587296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3108357398","https://openalex.org/W4250166723","https://openalex.org/W3141826669","https://openalex.org/W4223567614","https://openalex.org/W4321637276","https://openalex.org/W2999177976","https://openalex.org/W2828637684","https://openalex.org/W4376624131","https://openalex.org/W3166522783","https://openalex.org/W3184974922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wash":[0,24],"trade":[1,25,49,72,93],"is":[2,110,125],"a":[3],"common":[4],"form":[5],"of":[6,41,47,56,69,77,91,100,115],"volume":[7,76],"manipulation":[8],"used":[9],"to":[10,43,66],"attract":[11],"investors":[12],"into":[13,19],"the":[14,52,61,70,75,78,89,113],"market":[15,128],"and":[16,73,121],"mislead":[17],"them":[18],"making":[20],"wrong":[21],"investment":[22],"judgments.":[23],"transactions":[26,103],"are":[27,119],"even":[28],"more":[29],"prominent":[30],"in":[31],"ERC20":[32,57,87,117],"cryptocurrencies.":[33,58],"In":[34],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"we":[37,64],"proposed":[38],"two":[39],"kinds":[40],"algorithms":[42],"reserve":[44],"direct":[45],"evidence":[46],"wash":[48,62,71,79,92,107],"based":[50],"on":[51],"on-chain":[53],"transaction":[54],"data":[55,124],"After":[59],"labeling":[60],"trade,":[63],"continued":[65],"obtain":[67],"features":[68],"quantify":[74],"trade.":[80,108],"Our":[81],"experiments":[82],"show":[83],"that":[84,112],"for":[85,127],"most":[86,116],"cryptocurrencies,":[88],"rate":[90],"reached":[94],"over":[95,98],"15%.":[96],"Specifically,":[97],"30%":[99],"UNI":[101],"token":[102],"\u200bwere":[104],"labeled":[105],"as":[106],"It":[109],"demonstrated":[111],"activations":[114],"cryptocurrencies":[118],"unreal,":[120],"restoring":[122],"real":[123],"necessary":[126],"regulation.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}