{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3113591163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","title":"Research \u2013 A blockchain of knowledge?","display_name":"Research \u2013 A blockchain of knowledge?","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3113591163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","mag":"3113591163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034844729","display_name":"Jens Ducr\u00e9e","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0366-1897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42934936","display_name":"Dublin City University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a1a1e81","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jens Ducr\u00e9e","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034844729"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1600},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1600},"fwci":8.9089,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97857106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1-2","first_page":"100005","last_page":"100005"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9743000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8286871314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"Intellectual property","score":0.5964698791503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.595792293548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5709453821182251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.5014162063598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traceability","display_name":"Traceability","score":0.4814683496952057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.4561644196510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4554469585418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.435624361038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation","display_name":"Reputation","score":0.42149415612220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3535803556442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.35206669569015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2122100293636322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15728506445884705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13017961382865906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8286871314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.5964698791503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.595792293548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5709453821182251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5014162063598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153876917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899704","display_name":"Traceability","level":2,"score":0.4814683496952057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.4561644196510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4554469585418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.435624361038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.42149415612220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3535803556442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35206669569015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2122100293636322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15728506445884705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13017961382865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:37240fc28ba44f93823b5186fc2b9e0b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/37240fc28ba44f93823b5186fc2b9e0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 100005- (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcra.2020.100005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227578","display_name":"Blockchain Research and Applications","issn_l":"2096-7209","issn":["2096-7209","2666-9536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W585341442","https://openalex.org/W1508464170","https://openalex.org/W1605255363","https://openalex.org/W1994501680","https://openalex.org/W2091959199","https://openalex.org/W2128438887","https://openalex.org/W2553128156","https://openalex.org/W2783535300","https://openalex.org/W2888007799","https://openalex.org/W2914755773","https://openalex.org/W2983814597","https://openalex.org/W2995133716","https://openalex.org/W3003033094","https://openalex.org/W3012838233","https://openalex.org/W3026030045","https://openalex.org/W3037259007","https://openalex.org/W3040596191","https://openalex.org/W3084559672","https://openalex.org/W3104265944","https://openalex.org/W3107828718","https://openalex.org/W6636404407","https://openalex.org/W6786959294"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4289035754","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,141],"perspective":[1],"proposes":[2],"that,":[3],"by":[4,126],"virtue":[5],"of":[6,39,66,99,116,122,149,156],"its":[7],"sophisticated":[8],"trust":[9],"and":[10,24,30,43,61,71,85,88,92,114,120,138,152],"consensus":[11,170],"finding":[12],"mechanisms,":[13],"blockchain":[14,55],"has":[15],"the":[16,22,52,64,165],"clear":[17],"potential":[18],"to":[19,63,96,168],"substantially":[20],"upgrade":[21],"processes":[23],"organization":[25],"traditionally":[26],"underpinning":[27],"academic":[28],"science":[29,70],"commercial":[31],"technology":[32,56,72],"development":[33],"comprising":[34],"funding,":[35,107],"project":[36],"delivery,":[37],"generation":[38,65],"intellectual":[40],"property,":[41],"documentation":[42],"publication.":[44],"For":[45],"supporting":[46],"this":[47],"hypothesis,":[48],"striking":[49],"analogies":[50],"between":[51],"concepts":[53],"underlying":[54],"with":[57,164],"research":[58,143],"are":[59,124,162],"identified,":[60],"applied":[62],"verified":[67],"knowledge":[68],"in":[69],"development.":[73],"It":[74],"is":[75],"then":[76],"elaborated":[77],"how":[78],"a":[79,147],"blockchain-enabled":[80,134],"token":[81],"economy":[82],"can":[83],"efficiently":[84],"transparently":[86],"incentivize":[87],"coordinate":[89],"an":[90],"integrative":[91],"community-inclusive":[93],"participatory":[94],"approach":[95],"fuel":[97],"crowdsourcing":[98],"collective":[100],"intelligence":[101],"for":[102],"contributing":[103],"ideas,":[104],"work,":[105],"infrastructure,":[106],"data,":[108],"validation,":[109],"management,":[110],"assessment,":[111],"governance,":[112],"arbitration":[113],"exploitation":[115],"projects.":[117],"Quality,":[118],"credibility":[119],"direction":[121],"projects":[123],"optimized":[125],"demanding":[127],"collateral":[128],"\u201cskin-in-the-game\u201d":[129],"from":[130],"contributors":[131],"based":[132],"on":[133],"staking,":[135],"reputation":[136],"systems":[137],"prediction":[139],"markets.":[140],"way":[142],"progress":[144],"emerges":[145],"as":[146],"chain":[148],"community":[150],"generated":[151],"independently":[153],"vetted":[154],"blocks":[155,161],"scientific":[157],"knowledge;":[158],"these":[159],"new":[160],"concatenated":[163],"state-of-the-art":[166],"according":[167],"transparent":[169],"mechanisms.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}